A New Admission System in Chile and Its Foreseen Moderate Impact on Access for Low-Income Students

Abstract

Chile is known for universal school choice policies and a high level of economic segregation. In part, segregation has been linked to selective school admission policies. Chile implemented a centralized school admission system (New School Admission System), where PK–12 schools must accept any applicant, and lottery assignment is used for oversubscription. We exploit a natural experiment due to the phased implementation across grades and regions to attempt to detect any effects of this policy on access for and representation of low-income students using grade-within-school and year fixed effects. Eliminating admissions barriers may contribute to increased educational opportunity, but the impact may be limited by the multiple structural factors shaping inequality in Chile. We find little short-term change in access for low-income students.

School Choice, Local Discretion, and Stratification: Evidence From Inter-district Open Enrollment in Metro Detroit

“…These findings are further evidence for a growing consensus that school choice policies simply are not adequate to overcome existing racial, economic, and spatial stratification. Marginal policy changes—such as centralizing enrollment systems (Honey & Carrasco, 2022; Monarrez & Chien, 2021), providing more and better information about schools (Cohodes et al, 2022), and limiting local discretion over enrollment—may make school choice fairer or more efficient within racially and socioeconomically stratified contexts. But we should not expect them to reverse long and persistent histories of racism and class inequality in American education and society at large.…”