A new `advanced' test of theory of mind: evidence from children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome

Kaland, Nils; Møller-Nielsen, Annette; Callesen, Kirsten; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Gottlieb, Dorte; Smith, Lars

doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00042

Cited by 202 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, when the tests are more complex and involve social context, a prejudice of these individuals is noted 9,17 . For this reason, a more sophisticated test that involves the skills studied here is necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the theory of mind in autism spectrum disorders with the Strange Stories test

Velloso

Duarte

Schwartzman

2013

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To evaluate the theory of mind in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and control individuals by applying the Strange Stories test that was translated and adapted to the Portuguese language. Method: Twenty-eight children with ASD and 56 controls who were all male and aged between 6 and 12 years participated in the study. Results: There were significant differences between the median scores of the groups for each of the 12 stories of the test and for the sum total of all the median scores. The median scores for all stories were significantly greater in the control group than those in the experimental group (children with ASD). In addition, the protocol had excellent internal consistency. Conclusion: The theory of mind skills assessed with the Strange Stories test indicated alterations in children with ASD compared with children in the control group.Keywords: child developmental disorders, pervasive, autism, theory of mind. RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliação de habilidades de Teoria da Mente em indivíduos com Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) e indivíduos-controle, com a aplicação do teste Strange Stories, traduzido e adaptado para a Língua Portuguesa. Método: Participaram do estudo 28 crianças com TEA e 56 crianças-controle, todas do sexo masculino e na faixa etária entre seis e 12 anos. Resultados: Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os escores médios dos grupos em cada uma das 12 histórias do teste e na soma dos escores de todas as histórias. Os escores médios registrados para todas as histórias foram significativamente maiores no grupo-controle do que no grupo experimental (crianças com TEA). Observou-se ótima consistência interna do protocolo. Conclusão: As habilidades de Teoria da Mente avaliadas pelo teste Strange Stories se mostraram alteradas no grupo de crianças com TEA quando comparadas às crianças do grupo-controle.Palavras-chave: transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, autismo, teoria da mente.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the theory of mind in autism spectrum disorders with the Strange Stories test

Velloso

Duarte

Schwartzman

2013

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…BaronCohen, Spitz, and Cross (1993) used this theory is to explain difficulties amongst children with ASD in processing the expression of surprise. Impaired perception of basic emotion perception in particular correlates to higher-order ToM tasks (Baron-Cohen, O'Riordan, Stone, Jones, & Plaisted, 1999;Kaland et al 2002;Brune, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of emotional facial expressions in individuals with high Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ)

Poljac

2012

epiphany

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Autism is characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, restrictive and repetitive behaviours and specific impairments in emotional processing. The present study employed The Autism Spectrum Quotient ) to quantify autistic traits in a group of 260 healthy individuals and to investigate whether this measure is related to the perception of facial emotional expressions. The emotional processing of twelve participants that scored significantly higher than the average on the AQ was compared to twelve participants with significantly lower AQ scores. Perception of emotional expressions was estimated by The Facial Recognition Task (Montagne et al. 2007). There were significant differences between the two groups with regard to accuracy and sensitivity of the perception of emotional facial expressions. Specifically, the group with high AQ score was less accurate and needed higher emotional content to recognize emotions of anger, disgust, happiness and sadness. This result implies a selective impairment that might be helpful in understanding the psychopathology of autism spectrum disorders.

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“…Several studies have demonstrated that both children and adults with AS present difficulties in the abilities of ToM (Baron-Cohen, 2001;Bowler, 1992;Frith, 2006;Happé, 1994;Kalland et al, 2002;Kalland et al, 2008;Leslie, 1987;Ozonoff et al, 1991;Ponnet et al, 2004;Spek et al, 2010). As Frith (2006) defends, these persons are not programmed to reflect automatically about the mental states of others and present difficulties in "putting themselves into others' shoes" or taking perspectives.…”

Section: Theory Of Mindmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost in the Social World: How Social Cognitive Deficits Affect Social Functioning of People with Asperger Syndrome

Figueira¹,

Fuentes²,

Ruíz³

2012

Mental Illnesses - Understanding, Prediction and Control

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A new `advanced' test of theory of mind: evidence from children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome

Cited by 202 publications

References 49 publications

Evaluation of the theory of mind in autism spectrum disorders with the Strange Stories test

Evaluation of the theory of mind in autism spectrum disorders with the Strange Stories test

Perception of emotional facial expressions in individuals with high Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ)

Lost in the Social World: How Social Cognitive Deficits Affect Social Functioning of People with Asperger Syndrome

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