A new algorithm for fault location on transmission lines by optimal PMU placement

Abstract

Summary In this paper, the problem of placing a minimum number of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in a transmission system is considered so that faults on all lines of the network can be diagnosed and located irrespective of their locations. For this purpose, a PMU placement algorithm is applied to calculate the required data for impedance‐based fault location of any fault line in the network, achieving the full potential of the circuit laws throughout the system. Another algorithm is then proposed to compute the voltage and current values of the fault line for fault‐location purposes. Moreover, as many networks are already equipped with PMUs, the proposed algorithm makes it possible to locate faults on more lines of such networks compared to previous methods. The proposed algorithm for PMU placement is examined for 14, 30, 39 and 118 bus IEEE test systems. Additionally, fault location by synchronized voltage and current measurements, which can be remote from the faulted line, is performed on the 118‐bus IEEE test system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Locating Faults on Untransposed, Meshed Transmission Networks Using a Limited Number of Synchrophasor Measurements

“…Amongst the existing wide-area fault location methods, some enforce a set of constraints on the PMU installation pattern and, in general, use one or two of closest measurements to the fault point for fault location [20]- [22]. Therefore, their performance is highly affected by transient response of instrument transformers similar to conventional methods.…”

“…However, conventional methods formulate the problem based on the quantities measured at the faulted line ends, which are also the closest ones to the fault. In this context, wide-area fault location is a viable alternative that provides the possibility of using more reliable measurements, which, in general, are not close to the fault [20]- [36]. Among these methods, the impedance-based ones have been essentially developed for transposed transmission networks, or lower voltage levels where the line shunt admittances can be neglected [20]- [33].…”

“…In this context, wide-area fault location is a viable alternative that provides the possibility of using more reliable measurements, which, in general, are not close to the fault [20]- [36]. Among these methods, the impedance-based ones have been essentially developed for transposed transmission networks, or lower voltage levels where the line shunt admittances can be neglected [20]- [33]. Accordingly, none of such methods are suitable for transmission networks comprised of untransposed and/or not completely transposed lines.…”

Design and performance evaluation through synchro-phasor signals for transient fault analysis in transmission lines and distributions

“…However, conventional approaches articulate the problem centered on the quantities calculated at the faulted line ends, which are also the closest ones to the fault. In this respect, wide-area fault location is a feasible substitute that affords the opportunity of utilizing highly reliable measurements, but they are not close to the fault [4]- [20]. The identification of a location of transmission line fault in a power grid is of great importance to facilitate self-healing of the system and for maintaining the reliability of power supply [21].…”

Observability of nonlinear power system dynamics using synchrophasor data

“…PMU placement scenarios. Generators with PMU measurements 1 1 14 1, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 27 15 (Scheme 1) 1, 4, 8,9,10,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,24,27 Table II. Calculate the observability for all these faults along system trajectories.…”