A New Alternatively Spliced Transcript of the Mouse Connexin32 Gene Is Expressed in Embryonic Stem Cells, Oocytes, and Liver

Söhl, Goran; Theis, Martin; Hallas, Gaby; Brambach, Stephan; Dahl, Edgar; Kidder, Gerald M.; Willecke, Klaus

doi:10.1006/excr.2001.5209

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Exceptions to this gene structure are the Cx32, Cx36, and Cx45 genes. The human (and rodent) Cx32 gene contains alternative first exons (containing only 5Ј-UTR) whose use is tissue specific (411,545,547); some bovine Cx32 transcripts have three exons, two of which contain only 5Ј-UTR (135). The Cx36 (and the Morone americana Cx34.7) gene contains two exons, both of which contain untranslated and translated sequences.…”

Section: Connexin Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Membrane Channels Formed by Connexins: Their Regulation and Functions

Sáez

Berthoud

Brañes

et al. 2003

Physiological Reviews

1,057

952

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Members of the connexin gene family are integral membrane proteins that form hexamers called connexons. Most cells express two or more connexins. Open connexons found at the nonjunctional plasma membrane connect the cell interior with the extracellular milieu. They have been implicated in physiological functions including paracrine intercellular signaling and in induction of cell death under pathological conditions. Gap junction channels are formed by docking of two connexons and are found at cell-cell appositions. Gap junction channels are responsible for direct intercellular transfer of ions and small molecules including propagation of inositol trisphosphate-dependent calcium waves. They are involved in coordinating the electrical and metabolic responses of heterogeneous cells. New approaches have expanded our knowledge of channel structure and connexin biochemistry (e.g., protein trafficking/assembly, phosphorylation, and interactions with other connexins or other proteins). The physiological role of gap junctions in several tissues has been elucidated by the discovery of mutant connexins associated with genetic diseases and by the generation of mice with targeted ablation of specific connexin genes. The observed phenotypes range from specific tissue dysfunction to embryonic lethality.

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Section: Connexin Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Membrane Channels Formed by Connexins: Their Regulation and Functions

Sáez

Berthoud

Brañes

et al. 2003

Physiological Reviews

1,057

952

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, mCx26 means mouse connexin26, a protein of approximately 26 kDa (Beyer et al, 1987). Until now, only three exceptions were found: first, for the connexin32 (Cx32) gene alternate promoter usage (Neuhaus et al, 1995;Söhl et al, 1996) in combination with at least three alternatively spliced 5' untranslated exon1 sequences (Söhl et al, 2001a) was described ( Figure 2B). ) with respect to the degree of homology and length of their cytoplasmic loop (Söhl et al, 2001b).…”

Section: Mouse Connexin Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Functional Diversity of Connexin Genes in the Mouse and Human Genome

Willecke¹,

Eiberger²,

Degen³

et al. 2002

Biological Chemistry

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1,056

809

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Gap junctions are clustered channels between contacting cells through which direct intercellular communication via diffusion of ions and metabolites can occur. Two hemichannels, each built up of six connexin protein subunits in the plasma membrane of adjacent cells, can dock to each other to form conduits between cells. We have recently screened mouse and human genomic data bases and have found 19 connexin (Cx) genes in the mouse genome and 20 connexin genes in the human genome. One mouse connexin gene and two human connexin genes do not appear to have orthologs in the other genome. With three exceptions, the characterized connexin genes comprise two exons whereby the complete reading frame is located on the second exon. Targeted ablation of eleven mouse connexin genes revealed basic insights into the functional diversity of the connexin gene family. In addition, the phenotypes of human genetic disorders caused by mutated connexin genes further complement our understanding of connexin functions in the human organism. In this review we compare currently identified connexin genes in both the mouse and human genome and discuss the functions of gap junctions deduced from targeted mouse mutants and human genetic disorders.

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“…E1, E1B, and E2, whereas their mouse and bovine counterparts contain 4 exons, i.e. E1, E1A, E1B, and E2 (Duga et al, 1999; Neuhaus et al, 1996; Söhl et al, 2001). Cx32 gene transcription can be initiated through 2 tissue-specific promoters.…”

Section: Regulation Of Liver Gap Junctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Regulation and Function of Gap Junctions in Liver

Willebrords

Yanguas

Maes

et al. 2015

Cell Communication & Adhesion

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Gap junctions are a specialized group of cell-to-cell junctions that mediate direct intercellular communication between cells. They arise from the interaction of 2 hemichannels of adjacent cells, which in turn are composed of 6 connexin proteins. In liver, gap junctions are predominantly found in hepatocytes and play critical roles in virtually all phases of the hepatic life cycle, including cell growth, differentiation, liver-specific functionality and cell death. Liver gap junctions are directed through a broad variety of mechanisms ranging from epigenetic control of connexin expression to posttranslational regulation of gap junction activity. This paper reviews established and novel aspects regarding the architecture, control and functional relevance of liver gap junctions.

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A New Alternatively Spliced Transcript of the Mouse Connexin32 Gene Is Expressed in Embryonic Stem Cells, Oocytes, and Liver

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

Plasma Membrane Channels Formed by Connexins: Their Regulation and Functions

Plasma Membrane Channels Formed by Connexins: Their Regulation and Functions

Structural and Functional Diversity of Connexin Genes in the Mouse and Human Genome

Structure, Regulation and Function of Gap Junctions in Liver

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