A New and Simple Method for Spinal Cord Injury Induction in Mice

Abstract

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease with poor clinical outcomes. Animal models provide great opportunities to expand our horizons in identifying SCI pathophysiological mechanisms and subsequently introducing effective treatment strategies. The present study precisely introduces a new murine contusion model. Methods: A simple, economical and reproducible novel instrument was designed which consists of various sections, including a body part, an immobilization piece and a bar-shaped weight. The injury was inflicted to the spinal cord using an eight-gram weight for 5, 10 or 15 minutes after laminectomy at the T9 level in male C57BL/6 mice. Motor function, cavity formation, cell injury and macrophage infiltration were evaluated 28 days' post injury. Results: The newly designed instrument minimized adverse spinal movement during injury induction. Moreover, no additional devices, such as a stereotaxic apparatus, was required to stabilize the animals during surgical procedure. Locomotor activity was deteriorated after injury. Furthermore, tissue damage and cell injury were exacerbated by increasing the duration of weight exertion. In addition, macrophage infiltration around the injured tissue was observed 28 days’ post injury. Conclusion: This novel apparatus could induce a controllable SCI with a clear cavity formation in mice. No accessory elements are needed, besides the main equipment, and it can be used in future SCI studies.

Local delivery of fingolimod through PLGA nanoparticles and PuraMatrix‐embedded neural precursor cells promote motor function recovery and tissue repair in spinal cord injury

“…A contusion model of SCI recently introduced by our group was used for this study (Zeraatpisheh et al, 2020). Briefly, the animals were deeply anaesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg).…”