A new approach to evaluate soil-geosynthetic interaction using a novel pullout test apparatus and transparent granular soil

Ezzein, Fawzy M.; Bathurst, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.geotexmem.2014.04.003

Cited by 115 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recently, silica gel has been adopted to represent granular soils in works by Iskander et al (2002) to model pile penetration, Liu et al (2002) on shallow foundation settlement, and Ahmed and Iskander (2010) for investigating tunnel induced settlements. The most recent granular transparent soil developed is that by Ezzein and Bathurst (2011) who used fused quartz aggregate to examine geo-grid soil interaction behavior (Ezzein and Bathurst 2014). Siemens et al (2010) also used this material for a novel investigation of drawdown in unsaturated flow applications, benefiting from the direct visualization of the air-fluid front observed at the saturated, non-saturated boundary interface where transparency diminishes.…”

Section: Granular Transparent Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases reported in the literature, calibration was conducted in a temperature controlled environment nominally maintained at 20 C, although it is worth noting that this is not always possible. For example, Ezzein and Bathurst (2014) report on geo-grid pull-out interaction tests conducted in a large scale test box 3.7 m long whereby it was not possible to conduct tests in a temperature controlled environment.…”

Section: Impact Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantification of Optical Clarity of Transparent Soil Using the Modulation Transfer Function

Black

Take

2015

Geotech. Test. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transparent synthetic soils have been developed as a soil surrogate to enable internal visualization of geotechnical processes in physical models. Transparency of the soil dictates the overarching success of the technique; however, despite this fundamental requirement, no quantitative framework has yet been established to appraise the visual quality of transparent soil. Previous approaches to assess and optimize transparency quality included an eye chart assessment method, although this approach is highly subjective and operatordependent. In this paper, an independent method for quantitatively assessing the optical quality of transparent soil is proposed based on the optical calibration method, Modulation Transfer Function (MTF). The work explores this hypothesis and assesses the potential for MTF to quantify the optical quality of transparent soils for a number of aspects including (i) optimum oil blend ratio, (ii) depth of viewing plane, and (iii) temperature. The results confirmed that MTF offers a robust and reliable method to provide an independent quantitative measure of the optical quality of transparent soil. The impact of reduced soil transparency and the ability to track speckle patterns-thus accuracy and precision of displacement measurement-was correlated with MTF to evaluate the permissible viewing depth of transparent soil.

show abstract

Section: Granular Transparent Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Optical Clarity of Transparent Soil Using the Modulation Transfer Function

Black

Take

2015

Geotech. Test. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both fine (clay) and coarse-grained (sands/gravels) were developed and the materials and their mechanical properties are summarized by Iskander (2010). Many experiments in transparent soil focused on identifying aspects of fluid flow or mechanical response of the soil to enhance understanding of soil-structure interaction behavior (Iskander et al 1994;Iskander et al 2002;Sadek et al 2002;Lui et al 2002;Lui et al 2002;Ezzein and Bathurst 2014). Investigations of this nature have sought to optimize soil transparency in order to accommodate models of increased geometry and offer greater visualization of tracking particles within the soil for displacement measurement.…”

Section: Transparent Soil Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Soil to Model Thermal Processes: An Energy Pile Example

Black

Tatari

2015

Geotech. Test. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Managing energy resources is fast becoming a crucial issue of the 21st century, with groundbased heat exchange energy structures targeted as a viable means of reducing carbon emissions associated with regulating building temperatures. Limited information exists about the thermo-dynamic interactions of geothermal structures and soil owing to the practical constraints of placing measurement sensors in proximity to foundations; hence, questions remain about their long-term performance and interaction mechanics. An alternative experimental method using transparent soil and digital image analysis was proposed to visualize heat flow in soil. Advocating the loss of optical clarity as a beneficial attribute of transparent soil, this paper explored the hypothesis that temperature change will alter its refractive index and therefore progressively reduce its transparency, becoming more opaque. The development of the experimental methodology was discussed and a relationship between pixel intensity and soil temperature was defined and verified. This relationship was applied to an energy pile example to demonstrate heat flow in soil. The heating zone of influence was observed to extend to a radial distance of 1.5 pile diameters and was differentiated by a visual thermal gradient propagating from the pile. The successful implementation of this technique provided a new paradigm for transparent soil to potentially contribute to the understanding of thermo-dynamic processes in soil.

show abstract

“…Bacot et al [7], Scholsser and Elias [8], Ingold [9], Sridharan et al [10], Kata et al (1991), Rao and Pandey [11], Bathurst et al [12], Chu and Yin [13], Ezzein and Bathurst [14], Miyata and Bathurst [15], and Ju et al [16] used pullout apparatuses 2 Advances in Materials Science and Engineering of different sizes to evaluate friction properties of earth/ geosynthetics. Juran and Chen [17] studied pullout test and insisted that the differences in test conditions including used samples or pullout box size have significant impact on the pullout test, which may likely result from qualitative issues rather than quantitative issues of the test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pullout Characteristics of Geosynthetics Reinforced Earth Using Multilayer Spreading Pullout Test

Park¹,

Kim²,

Yang³

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pullout test equipment for examining pullout characteristics in a reinforced earth structure is relatively larger than direct shear testing machines and requires much time and expenses in preparing samples. Moreover, because of irregular stress distributions with respect to the length of reinforcements, it is difficult to analyze pullout test results. In this study, we developed a multilayer spreading pullout apparatus enabling the pullout test in the order of a top stage, middle stage, and bottom stage with different loads once a ground model is prepared, suggesting an efficient method of a multilayer spreading pullout test. The pullout test is carried out at least three times with the prepared ground model while changing confining loads. Jumunjin sand was used to verify the developed pullout test apparatus and to analyze pullout characteristics of each reinforcement. The analysis reveals that the difference between angles of pullout friction is approximately 0.86 to 1.3 ∘ which is distributed within the error range of a pullout test. As a result, the multilayer spreading pullout apparatus is applicable as a new pullout apparatus, and the suggested method of multilayer spreading pullout test is identified as a pullout test technique efficiently to obtain pullout parameters.

show abstract

A new approach to evaluate soil-geosynthetic interaction using a novel pullout test apparatus and transparent granular soil

Cited by 115 publications

References 19 publications

Quantification of Optical Clarity of Transparent Soil Using the Modulation Transfer Function

Quantification of Optical Clarity of Transparent Soil Using the Modulation Transfer Function

Transparent Soil to Model Thermal Processes: An Energy Pile Example

Pullout Characteristics of Geosynthetics Reinforced Earth Using Multilayer Spreading Pullout Test

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About