A new approach to kinetic energy calculation of two-phase soil splashed material

Beczek, Michał; Ryżak, Magdalena; Sochan, Agata; Mazur, Rafał; Polakowski, Cezary; Bieganowski, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115087

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…It is very difficult to refer to other works in terms of the proportion of ejected material separated into water and soil, as such studies are uncommon. With respect to horizontal surfaces, in the work of Beczek et al [54], we can find splash investigation on the same soils (with similar moisture content) and the determination of the mass of solid and liquid phases in the ejected material. For soils with a high content of fine fractions (HLL and PR soils in this study), the proportions were about 76-81% of the splashed water and about 19-24% of the splashed soil, while for sandy soil (HL), the proportions were 62% (water) and 38% (soil).…”

Section: Proportions Of the Ejected Materials (Soil/water)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The investigations of the single water drop impact in the context of splash provide an opportunity to investigate the initial stages and basic processes of splash erosion, which are not possible to monitor during experiments with rainfall (including simulators). Also, only such a simplified system facilitates measurements and calculation of some quantities, such as the kinetic energy of splashed particles as part of energy dissipation of the falling drop [54]. Considering the splash phenomenon on the slope, in addition to the determination of the mass of the splashed material, single drop measurements would also refer to the characteristics of the ejected particles, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of slope incline on the ejection of two-phase soil splashed material

et al. 2022

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Soil splash is the first step in the process of water erosion, where impacting raindrops cause the detachment and transport of soil material. One of the factors that strongly influences the magnitude of soil splash is the incline of the surface (slope). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the slope on the course of the splash phenomenon caused by single-drop impact (one drop impact per soil sample), with respect to the mass and proportions of the ejected material, taking into account its division into solid and liquid phases i.e. soil and water. The investigation was carried out using three types of soil with different textures, in moistened (pressure head corresponding to -1.0 kPa) and air-dry (-1500 kPa) conditions. The soil samples were on three angles of slope, being 5°, 15°, and 30°, respectively. After a single-drop impact with a diameter of 4.2 mm, the ejected material was collected using a splash cup. The following quantities of splashed material were measured: the total mass, the mass of the solid phase, and the mass of the liquid phase. Additionally, the distribution and proportions (soil/water) of the splashed material were analysed in both the upslope and downslope directions. It was found that: (i) the change of slope had a variable influence on the measured quantities for different soils; (ii) in the case of moistened samples, the measured values were mainly influenced by the texture, while in the dry samples, by the angle of the slope; (iii) with the increase of slope, the splashed material was mostly ejected in the downslope direction (irrespective of moisture conditions); (iv) in the moistened samples, the ejected material consisted mostly of water, while in the dry samples it was soil—this occurred for material ejected both upslope and downslope. The obtained results are important for improving the physical description of the process of splash erosion. A more thorough understanding and better recognition of the mechanisms governing this phenomenon at all stages could contribute to the development of more effective methods for protecting soil against erosion.

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Section: Proportions Of the Ejected Materials (Soil/water)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of slope incline on the ejection of two-phase soil splashed material

et al. 2022

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“…It is well known that the size of the raindrops is related to the capacity of the rainfall to clean the atmosphere of aerosols [2,3], and it also has an influence in the attenuation of radio waves [4][5][6], changing the propagating radio frequency. There are other important applications for the determination of drop-size distributions (DSD), some more related with human health, such as the influence in cancer of lung, allergies or other problems [7], and other more related with planet health, such as the influences in herbicides application [8,9] or the analysis of the splash erosion effects [10,11]. Indeed, this last topic is receiving a lot of scientific attention due to the great importance of water as a main erosive agent for the soil [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of High-Speed Cameras as a Tool for the Characterization of Raindrops in Splash Laboratory Studies

Fernández‐Raga

Cabeza-Ortega

González-Castro

et al. 2021

Water

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Measuring the characteristics of raindrops is essential for different processes studies. There have been many methods used throughout history to measure raindrops. In recent years, automatic image recognition and processing systems have been used with high-speed cameras to characterize rainfall by obtaining the spectrum of droplet sizes and their speeds and thus being able to use this technology to calibrate rainfall simulators. In this work, two phases were carried out: in the first one, individual drops with terminal speeds of different sizes were measured and processed both in speed and in shape with a high-speed camera; and in the second phase, a calibration procedure was designed but in multidrop images, determining the characteristics of the drops produced by a rain simulator. According to results, the real shape of each drop depending on the size was determined, from round to ovaloid shapes, and the terminal velocity of water drops with different sizes was measured. Based on the rain images used to calibrate a rainfall simulator, it was observed that, with a higher intensity of rain, the drops produced were smaller, which contrasts with real rain, in which just the opposite happens. This calibration evaluates their resemblance to reality, calculates the real kinetic energy of the rain they produce and see if they can be used to model events in nature.

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“…We cite them briefly to emphasize the importance and diversity of such research. For a general discussion of research methods and models of the phenomenon see Fernández-Raga et al (2017), de Jong et al (2017, Rioboo et al (2003), Goldman and Umbanhowar (2008), Walsh et al (2003), Beczek et al (2021), and Planchon and Mouche (2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stochastic Model of a Granular Bed Splash

Łagodowski,

Gregosiewicz

2023

JGR Earth Surface

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Our study aims to shed light on the physics behind the splash phenomenon caused by droplet impact onto a granular bed and to develop a reliable tool for predicting erosion and sediment transport in various natural and industrial settings. To achieve this, we construct a probabilistic model (based on simple physical assumptions) of particle splash resulting from the impact of a liquid droplet or solid intruder on a granular bed. The model is based on integer partition and provides a probability distribution of the number of ejected particles to arbitrary areas around the point of impact. We validate the model's predictions with experimental data to ensure its accuracy and reliability.

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A new approach to kinetic energy calculation of two-phase soil splashed material

Cited by 10 publications

References 69 publications

Influence of slope incline on the ejection of two-phase soil splashed material

Influence of slope incline on the ejection of two-phase soil splashed material

The Use of High-Speed Cameras as a Tool for the Characterization of Raindrops in Splash Laboratory Studies

Stochastic Model of a Granular Bed Splash

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