A new approach to open-circuit fault diagnosis of MMC sub-module

Background Many faults occur in the modular multi-level converters (MMCs), including unbalancing capacitor voltage, lower and upper arm unbalancing, the line to line voltage unbalancing, sensors and actuators fault, system fault, and sub-modules fault in high as well as medium voltage applications. Introduction Several fault-tolerant approaches are presented to overcome these problems, such as active fault-tolerant control system (AFTCS), passive fault-tolerant control system (PFTCS), hybrid fault-tolerant control system (HFTCS), redundant system technique, special power circuit with the controller, and zero sequence voltage methods, which we will explain extensively in this article. Methodology This review emphasizes the types of faults in the MMCs and discusses the protection methods under failure conditions. The MMC is more popular in high voltage applications because it not only improves the quality of the grid but also has good harmonic performance in high power transmission. There is no need for any isolated dc sources to operate it. When faults are removed, the efficiency and reliability of the system will be increased. Results This extensive explanation of the current literature on MMC fault diagnosis and control techniques will conclude which methods provide a more valuable solution. Finally, this paper discusses the best approach to reduce MMC faults and provides a future research direction to the readers.

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“…In 28 location in MMC was calculated using SMO. The results verified the usefulness and accuracy of this technique.…”

Section: Faults Diagnosis Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 28 the authors proposed an SMO technique based on Lyapunov theory to detect open circuit fault in SMs. This method detects open circuit fault and tells the type of fault in MMC.…”

Section: Fault Diagnosis and Control Techniques For MMCmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control techniques for modular multi-level converters

et al. 2022

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“…There are many fault detection approaches for multi-level converters, including comparison between measured and reference values, the sliding mode observer [14], Lyapunov theory [15], the Kalman filter algorithm [16,17], Fourier transform [18], Park transformation [19], wavelet transform [20], machine learning [21], neural network approaches [22], and the Filippov method [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-Circuit Fault Detection and Location in AC-DC-AC Converters Based on Entropy Analysis

Morel

Akrad

2023

Energies

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Inverters and converters contain more and more power electronics switches which may subsequently affect their reliability. Therefore, fault detection and location are essential to improve their reliability and to ensure continuous operation. In this paper, an AC−DC−AC converter with three-phase inverter is investigated under permanent, single and multiple open-circuit fault scenarios. Many entropies and multiscale entropies are then proposed to evaluate the complexity of the output currents by quantifying their entropies over a range of temporal scales. Among the multitude of entropies, only some entropies are able to differentiate healthy from open-circuit faulty conditions. Moreover, the simulation results show that these entropies are able to detect and locate the arms of the bridge with open-circuit faults.

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“…This method is load-independent, but detects only one open circuit. A sliding mode observer was proposed in [13][14][15]. The current form factors of the estimated current and measured current are needed for faulty phase detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Currents Analysis of a Brushless Motor with Inverter Faults—Part II: Diagnostic Method for Open-Circuit Fault Isolation

Morel,

Gueux,

Rivero

et al. 2023

Actuators

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In this paper, a brushless motor with a three-phase inverter is investigated under healthy and multiple open-circuit faults. The occurrence of faults in an inverter will lead to atypical characteristics in the current measurements. This is why many usual entropies and multiscale entropies have been proposed to evaluate the complexity of the output currents by quantifying such dynamic changes. Among this multitude of entropies, only some are able to differentiate between healthy and faulty open-circuit conditions. In addition, another selection is made between these entropies in order to improve diagnostic speed. After the fault detection based on the mean values, the open-circuit faults are localized based on the fault diagnostic method. The simulation results ensure the ability of these entropies to detect and locate open-circuit faults. Moreover, they are able to achieve fault diagnostics for a single switch, double switches, three switches, and even four switches. The diagnostic time to detect and to isolate faults is between 10.85 ms and 13.67 ms. Then, in order to prove the ability of the fault diagnostic method, a load variation is performed under the rated speed conditions of the brushless motor. The validity of the method is analyzed under different speed values for a constant torque. Finally, the fault diagnostic method is independent from power levels.

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A new approach to open-circuit fault diagnosis of MMC sub-module

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

A comprehensive review of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control techniques for modular multi-level converters

A comprehensive review of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control techniques for modular multi-level converters

Open-Circuit Fault Detection and Location in AC-DC-AC Converters Based on Entropy Analysis

Currents Analysis of a Brushless Motor with Inverter Faults—Part II: Diagnostic Method for Open-Circuit Fault Isolation

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