A new approach to the assessment of flooding and dampness hazards in cultural heritage, applied to the historic centre of Seville (Spain)

Ortiz, Rocío; Ortiz, Pilar; Martín, J.M.; Vázquez, María Ángeles Rodríguez

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.207

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The development of risk matrices for heritage buildings is an analytical methodology that has already been used previously [13,15,23]. However, the complexity or degree of detail of the matrix developed in this work significantly exceeds that of previous proposals.…”

Section: Flood Risk-cultural Heritage Matrix Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the complexity or degree of detail of the matrix developed in this work significantly exceeds that of previous proposals. In the case of the works of Ortiz et al [13,23], the matrix developed did not assess only the effect of floods, but it was a multi-risk analysis, including rainfall events, temperature, and anthropogenic factors as fires, vandalism, or tourist pressure. Additionally, the effect of the floods was considered qualitatively [13] or simply based on the distance to the river channels [23].…”

Section: Flood Risk-cultural Heritage Matrix Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of the works of Ortiz et al [13,23], the matrix developed did not assess only the effect of floods, but it was a multi-risk analysis, including rainfall events, temperature, and anthropogenic factors as fires, vandalism, or tourist pressure. Additionally, the effect of the floods was considered qualitatively [13] or simply based on the distance to the river channels [23]. In reference [15], the matrix only considered two variables, the return period (hazard factor) and the potential damages (vulnerability factor), and both qualitatively.…”

Section: Flood Risk-cultural Heritage Matrix Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Framework Proposal for Regional-Scale Flood-Risk Assessment of Cultural Heritage Sites and Application to the Castile and León Region (Central Spain)

Garrote

Díez‐Herrero

Escudero³

et al. 2020

Water

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Floods, at present, may constitute the natural phenomenon with the greatest impact on the deterioration of cultural heritage, which is the reason why the study of flood risk becomes essential in any attempt to manage cultural heritage (archaeological sites, historic buildings, artworks, etc.) This management of cultural heritage is complicated when it is distributed over a wide territory. This is precisely the situation in the region of Castile and León (Spain), in which 2155 cultural heritage elements are registered in the Catalog of Cultural Heritage Sites of Castile and León, and these are distributed along the 94,226 km2 of this region. Given this scenario, the present study proposes a methodological framework of flood risk analysis for these cultural heritage sites and elements. This assessment is based on two main processing tools to be developed in addition: on the one hand, the creation of a GIS database in which to establish the spatial relationship between the cultural heritage elements and the flow-prone areas for different flood return periods and, on the other hand, the creation of a risk matrix in which different variables are regarded as associated both to flood hazard (return period, flow depth, and river flooding typology) and to flood vulnerability (construction typology, and construction structural relationship with the hydraulic environment). The combination of both tools has allowed us to establish each cultural heritage flood risk level, making its categorization of risk possible. Of all the cultural heritage sites considered, 18 of them are categorized under an Extreme flood risk level; and another 24 show a High potential flood risk level. Therefore, these are about 25% to 30% of all cultural heritage sites in Castile and León. This flood risk categorization, with a scientific basis of the cultural heritage sites at risk, makes it possible to define territories of high flood risk clustering; where local scale analyses for mitigation measures against flood risk are necessary.

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Section: Flood Risk-cultural Heritage Matrix Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flood Risk-cultural Heritage Matrix Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flood Risk-cultural Heritage Matrix Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Framework Proposal for Regional-Scale Flood-Risk Assessment of Cultural Heritage Sites and Application to the Castile and León Region (Central Spain)

Garrote

Díez‐Herrero

Escudero³

et al. 2020

Water

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“…When civilisation development and climate change combine, they bring along an increase in water-related risks. In the case of cities and urban areas, these are, in particular, an increased risk of the occurrence and the severity of water-related events: torrential rains, flooding caused by inappropriate infrastructure, urban flooding, river flooding, pluvial flooding, high soil dampness, and a shallow groundwater table [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Previously used strategies that are based on technical solutions are becoming ineffective and increasingly costly, and the lack of a reaction to the coming change will result in an even greater part of the population coming under threat, as well as greater flood-related losses [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Natural Hazards: Flood Protection and UNESCO World Heritage Site Protection Strategies in Krakow, Poland

et al. 2019

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The protection of larger built-up areas that constitute sections of actively functioning urban zones is a challenge, even under favourable political and economic conditions. The case of Krakow’s historical town centre, which is protected as a historical site by national law and it was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage Sites List in 1978, clearly demonstrates how difficult it is to reconcile the passive character of current conservation doctrines with the demands of the free market and growth-oriented economy, when developer pressure is not sufficiently balanced out by public opinion and urban activist movements, when planning tools are incomplete or insufficient, and the criteria according to which strategic decisions are made are of a quantitative rather than a qualitative character. Apart from commonly encountered problems that are associated with the gentrification of town centres or the negative impact of mass tourism, Krakow must also face a growing flood hazard that stems from its specific and unfavourable hydrological and hydrogeological conditions that are compounded by the uncontrolled and uncoordinated expansion of urbanised areas, the decay of the natural environment, and the consequences of climate change. This article presents the multi-aspect site-specific conditions of the historical centre of Krakow, as well as the analysis of its protection as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, in the context of flood protection, while taking into consideration the environmental, economic, and social dimension of heritage. The critical conclusions that are featured in the work indicate both areas of possible immediate remedial action and the potential directions that new integrated protection strategies would take.

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“…In many studies (e.g. Alfieri et al, 2015;Gilbuena et al, 2013;Ortiz et al, 2016), deriving potential damages caused by flooding includes combining and intersecting flood hazard maps with the exposed population and land cover features. These methods are done with the use of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, which has significantly improved the efficiency of flood disaster monitoring and management (Haq et al, 2012;Van Westen, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impacts of Flooding Caused by Extreme Rainfall Events Through a Combined Geospatial and Numerical Modeling Approach

Santillan

Amora

Makinano-Santillan

et al. 2016

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:In this paper, we present a combined geospatial and two dimensional (2D) flood modeling approach to assess the impacts of flooding due to extreme rainfall events. We developed and implemented this approach to the Tago River Basin in the province of Surigao del Sur in Mindanao, Philippines, an area which suffered great damage due to flooding caused by Tropical Storms Lingling and Jangmi in the year 2014. The geospatial component of the approach involves extraction of several layers of information such as detailed topography/terrain, man-made features (buildings, roads, bridges) from 1-m spatial resolution LiDAR Digital Surface and Terrain Models (DTM/DSMs), and recent land-cover from Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI images. We then used these layers as inputs in developing a Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC HMS)-based hydrologic model, and a hydraulic model based on the 2D module of the latest version of HEC River Analysis System (RAS) to dynamically simulate and map the depth and extent of flooding due to extreme rainfall events. The extreme rainfall events used in the simulation represent 6 hypothetical rainfall events with return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. For each event, maximum flood depth maps were generated from the simulations, and these maps were further transformed into hazard maps by categorizing the flood depth into low, medium and high hazard levels. Using both the flood hazard maps and the layers of information extracted from remotely-sensed datasets in spatial overlay analysis, we were then able to estimate and assess the impacts of these flooding events to buildings, roads, bridges and landcover. Results of the assessments revealed increase in number of buildings, roads and bridges; and increase in areas of land-cover exposed to various flood hazards as rainfall events become more extreme. The wealth of information generated from the flood impact assessment using the approach can be very useful to the local government units and the concerned communities within Tago River Basin as an aid in determining in an advance manner all those infrastructures (buildings, roads and bridges) and land-cover that can be affected by different extreme rainfall event flood scenarios.

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A new approach to the assessment of flooding and dampness hazards in cultural heritage, applied to the historic centre of Seville (Spain)

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

A Framework Proposal for Regional-Scale Flood-Risk Assessment of Cultural Heritage Sites and Application to the Castile and León Region (Central Spain)

A Framework Proposal for Regional-Scale Flood-Risk Assessment of Cultural Heritage Sites and Application to the Castile and León Region (Central Spain)

Built Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Natural Hazards: Flood Protection and UNESCO World Heritage Site Protection Strategies in Krakow, Poland

Assessing the Impacts of Flooding Caused by Extreme Rainfall Events Through a Combined Geospatial and Numerical Modeling Approach

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