This review highlights recent developments and future perspectives on CO 2 capture from power plants and energyintensive industries to reduce CO 2 emissions. Different types of membrane materials for CO 2 capture were reviewed in terms of material performance, energy efficiency, and cost. With regard to gas separation membrane technology, only three types of membranes have been demonstrated at pilot scale. Therefore, this work paid particular attention to recent development of membrane materials such as fixed-site-carrier membranes and ultrathin nanocomposite membranes. The required high-performance membranes with CO 2 permeance of 3 m 3 (STP)/ (m 2 h bar) and high CO 2 /N 2 selectivity (> 40) were identified as the future direction of material development. Moreover, novel energy-efficient process development for CO 2 capture in power plant and process industry are discussed; the MTR patented air sweeping process is considered one of the most energy-efficient processes for post-combustion CO 2 capture. In the last part, CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity of > 30 was pointed out to be the requirement of energy-efficient membrane system for CO 2 removal from natural gas and biogas. Finally, significant improvements on membrane material performance, module, and process efficiency are still needed for membrane technology to be competitive in CO 2 capture.