A new biodegradable plastic made from starch graft poly(methyl acrylate) copolymer

Dennenberg, Ronald J.; Bothast, Rodney J.; Abbott, Thomas P.

doi:10.1002/app.1978.070220214

Cited by 69 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Potato and rice starches were grafted with acrylonitrile by a previously described CAN initiation method, 13 whereas corn starch was grafted with methyl acrylate according to Dennenberg et al 25 For the acrylonitrile grafting, the weight ratios of the various starches to acrylonitrile were varied (1 : 1, 1 : 1.5, 1 : 5) to determine the extent of polymerization of acrylonitrile. 12 As can be seen from Table I, the nitrogen content was somewhat higher for a weight ratio of starch to acrylonitrile of 1 : 5, although the polymerization of the monomer was lower (a large amount of acrylonitrile monomer was thus wasted).…”

Section: Starch Grafted Copolymers Obtained By Redox Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The homopolymer of poly(methyl acrylate) was separated from the grafted starch by repeated washings with toluene. 25 After evaporation, about 2% homopolymer was obtained. Thereafter, the starch-gpolymethyl acrylate was subjected to acid hydrolysis in 1N HCl or in a mixture of perchloric acid and acetic acid 15 to facilitate degradation of the starch.…”

Section: Starch Grafted Copolymers Obtained By Redox Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and characterization of bioadhesive grafted starch copolymers as platforms for controlled drug delivery

Geresh

Gilboa

Peisahov-Korol

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:60 Co-gamma-radiation and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) redox-induced graft polymerization of acrylic monomers (acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, and methyl acrylate) to starch was performed to produce drug-delivery systems. The grafted starches obtained mainly by redox-induced polymerization were characterized by chemical and physicochemical methods, and the nature and size of the polyacrylic moiety grafted to the starch were determined. Although the choice of grafting method depended in part on the particular monomer, only copolymers obtained by gamma radiation proved to be satisfactory drug delivery systems. Changes of parameters in the gamma radiation-induced polymerization, such as radiation times and changes in the amount of starch and/or acrylic monomers, were tested in terms of the release rate of model drug compounds.

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Section: Starch Grafted Copolymers Obtained By Redox Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Starch Grafted Copolymers Obtained By Redox Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of bioadhesive grafted starch copolymers as platforms for controlled drug delivery

Geresh

Gilboa

Peisahov-Korol

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…methyl acrylate) onto the starch molecule backbone yields materials with starch contents of up to 60%. These graft copolymers can be injection molded or extruded into films with properties similar to low density polyethylene (23).…”

Section: Willettetalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt Rheology of Thermoplastic Starch

Willett

Jasberg

Swanson

1994

ACS Symposium Series

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The use of starch as a thermoplastic material is a recent development. An understanding of the rheology of thermoplastic starch melts is needed in order to understand the effects of processing on structure/property relationships.This article discusses the effects of temperature, moisture content, molecular weight reduction (hydrolysis), and low molecular weight additives on the behavior of thermoplastic starch melts. Thermoplastic starch melts exhibit power law behavior. The melt viscosity decreases with increasing temperature, moisture content, and decreasing molecular weight. Low molecular weight additives also reduce the viscosity. Glycerol monostearate slightly increases the melt viscosity. This effect is attributed to the formation of helical inclusion complexes which are stable at the extrusion temperatures. The power law index and the rate of change in viscosity with temperature of thermoplastic starch melts are similar to those of synthetic polymers.

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“…The USt laboratory at Peoria describes various cellulose and starch graft copolyners (Refs. [29][30] and also water sensitive filns cast fran ethylene/acrylic acid ccpolyners extended with soluble starch (Refs. 3l-).…”

Section: Li'ierature }Eviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic polymers and the living environment

Griffin¹

1980

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Abstict -The interacticn between synthetic polyners and the physical environnnnt , especially in tenis of the effects of oxygen and radiant ener , has been extensily studied and reported and thictly useful results haw been obtained by the use of experianntal techniquss of a kind vexy familiar to physical chemists. The introduction of living organisan to the system, hower, adds to the adcnowledged difficulty of polynnr characterisaticn other problean anx familiar to the biologist. Attenpts to reduce the onplexity of the system and create study nodels such as a single honodisperse polyanr in contact with a single organism are veiy misleading because of the mutual dependancy of living thin and the clicate balance beten organisan, polynor, and auxiliary nutrition.This field is reviewed here , and extended with observations on the intercpendance of n.cro and micro biological phencanna in the cstruction of plastics together with the significance of oxidation as an internodiate stage in the sequsnce of events. INTrolJrJcrIcNThe primary object of this paper is to surmarise the evidence for the breakdown of synthetic polyners in the natural environnont under the inflince of living organisns . Certain new experinental infonnation is also offered on the qunstion of an oxidative first step in the process of biodegradation of polyolefines. The precise rreaning of the tenn biocgradation has been the subject of sone qunstioning over the last ccade. It would appear to imply a veiy clear organism/material relationship where a conjunction of the specific biological vector and the precise material will always produce a given set of changes implying that a particular process in the life action of the organism, such as the excretion of an identifiable enzyrre, is linked to a chemically recognisable cleavage of the nolecular structure of the substrate material. Current activity in this field is here reviewed as a survey of recent literature. It can be equally argied, however, that a particular case of functional decay of a material, e.g. loss of strength, substance, transparency, or good dielectric properties should be tenred biodegradation where it is known to be identifiable with exposure of the material to a living environrrent, which may itself be very ccxiplex, and the property loss may be attributable to physical or chemical actions as first steps in an elaborate chain of processes. The exposure of a cotton fabric based resin lamiuate to a humid tropical environrrent would be typical of this latter situation in which the initial activity could be the colonisatice of the surface by a danp film of fungi encouraged by surface dirt with a subsequent swelling of the laminate surfaèe layers caused by seepage of noisture along the cellulose fibres. The swelling of the fibres causing cracking and disintegration of the resin matrix would be the first stage of properties loss followed rapidly by 'true' biodegradation of the fibres. Biological attack on the resin matrix might, indeed, never occur or might itself be preceded by atirospheri...

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A new biodegradable plastic made from starch graft poly(methyl acrylate) copolymer

Cited by 69 publications

References 4 publications

Preparation and characterization of bioadhesive grafted starch copolymers as platforms for controlled drug delivery

Preparation and characterization of bioadhesive grafted starch copolymers as platforms for controlled drug delivery

Melt Rheology of Thermoplastic Starch

Synthetic polymers and the living environment

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