A new captorhinid reptile, Gansurhinus qingtoushanensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Permian of China

Reisz, Robert R.; Liu, Jun; Li, Jinling; Müller, Johannes

doi:10.1007/s00114-011-0793-0

Cited by 45 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These fragments were an archipelago that eventually formed a bridge and played an important role in therapsid dispersal during late Permian and early Triassic times (39). The Middle Permian Xidagou Formation, in the Ordos Basin of northern China, has produced a fauna that shows strong similarities to that from Russian deposits of the same age and indicates a link between this part of Cathaysia and Laurasia during the medial Permian (5,41,42). This faunal link is supported by firm geological connections (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Carnivorous dinocephalian from the Middle Permian of Brazil and tetrapod dispersal in Pangaea

Cisneros

Abdala²,

Atayman-Güven³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The medial Permian (∼270–260 Ma: Guadalupian) was a time of important tetrapod faunal changes, in particular reflecting a turnover from pelycosaurian- to therapsid-grade synapsids. Until now, most knowledge on tetrapod distribution during the medial Permian has come from fossils found in the South African Karoo and the Russian Platform, whereas other areas of Pangaea are still poorly known. We present evidence for the presence of a terrestrial carnivorous vertebrate from the Middle Permian of South America based on a complete skull. Pampaphoneus biccai gen. et sp. nov. was a dinocephalian “mammal-like reptile” member of the Anteosauridae, an early therapsid predator clade known only from the Middle Permian of Russia, Kazakhstan, China, and South Africa. The genus is characterized, among other features, by postorbital bosses, short, bulbous postcanines, and strongly recurved canines. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Brazilian dinocephalian occupies a middle position within the Anteosauridae, reinforcing the model of a global distribution for therapsids as early as the Guadalupian. The close phylogenetic relationship of the Brazilian species to dinocephalians from South Africa and the Russian Platform suggests a closer faunistic relationship between South America and eastern Europe than previously thought, lending support to a Pangaea B-type continental reconstruction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Carnivorous dinocephalian from the Middle Permian of Brazil and tetrapod dispersal in Pangaea

Cisneros

Abdala²,

Atayman-Güven³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…2). In other moradisaurines, the teeth in the multiple-rowed region of the maxillae exhibit a more modest increase in size posteriorly (Dodick and Modesto 1995;Reisz et al 2011). In C. aguti, the maxillary teeth tend to be largest along the middle of the multiple-rowed region and decrease in size posteriorly (Modesto 1998).…”

Section: Maxillaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their success as herbivorous and carnivorous members of Paleozoic communities has been attributed to their unique dentitions, which included the earliest record of multiple marginal tooth rows (Bolt and Demar 1975;de Ricqlès and Bolt 1983;LeBlanc and Reisz 2015). The emerging consensus is that at least two lineages of captorhinids independently evolved dental batteries composed of multiple tooth rows: once within the genus Captorhinus and again in the subfamily Moradisaurinae (Reisz et al 2011;Modesto et al 2014). Captorhinus aguti is the only multiple toothrowed species of the genus and its remains are known from the middle Clear Fork Group (sensu Hentz 1988) Multiple tooth-rowed captorhinids from the early Permian fissure fills of the Bally Mountain Locality of Oklahoma (Olson 1954;Woodhead et al 2010;Modesto et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Captorhinus aguti is the only multiple toothrowed species of the genus and its remains are known from the middle Clear Fork Group (sensu Hentz 1988) Multiple tooth-rowed captorhinids from the early Permian fissure fills of the Bally Mountain Locality of Oklahoma (Olson 1954;Woodhead et al 2010;Modesto et al 2014). By comparison, the moradisaurines extended from the late early Permian (Kungurian) into the late Permian, were geographically widespread, and much more diverse (Reisz et al 2011). The success of the moradisaurines may have been related to the evolution of high-fiber herbivory within the clade, given that even the earliest known moradisaurines possessed grinding batteries of teeth (Reisz 2006;Modesto et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple tooth-rowed captorhinids from the Early Permian fissure fills of the Bally Mountain Locality of Oklahoma

LeBlanc

Brar

May³

et al. 2015

Vert. Anat. Morph. Palaeo.

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Captorhinids are Paleozoic eureptiles that originated in the Late Pennsylvanian in Laurasia and dispersed across the major landmasses of Pangaea by the late Permian. Their evolutionary success as omnivorous and herbivorous members of Permian terrestrial communities has been attributed to the evolution of multiple marginal tooth rows. Multiple tooth rows evolved at least twice within Captorhinidae: once in the omnivorous Captorhinus aguti and again in the diverse subfamily of herbivorous moradisaurines. The earliest known moradisaurines co-occured with C. aguti in lower Permian strata of Texas; however C. aguti is also known from much older fissure fills in the famous Dolese Brothers quarry near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, suggesting that C. aguti preceded any other multiple-rowed captorhinid. Here we report on new material of multiple-rowed captorhinids from the lower Permian fissure fills of the Bally Mountain locality in Oklahoma, only 55 kilometers from Richards Spur. Some of this material is referable to Captorhinikos valensis, which was previously only known from younger strata in Texas, making this species the geologically and phylogenetically oldest moradisaurine. Furthermore, we determined that Ca. valensis co-existed with C. aguti at Bally Mountain and we explore the potential for niche partitioning in these early captorhinids. Lastly, we assess the potential temporal and environmental differences between Bally Mountain and Richards Spur, in order to explain the abundance of herbivorous moradisaurines at Bally Mountain and the complete lack of moradisaurines at the neighbouring Richards Spur locality.

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“…11: 20150100 A similar dispersal pattern is found among early amniotes [21]. For example, both Bolosauridae ( parareptiles) and Captorhinidae (early eureptiles) had entered North China by the Middle Permian [20,22]. Unlike Alveusdectes, these Chinese specimens have closely related forms in the Russian Permian [23 -27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The last diadectomorph sheds light on Late Palaeozoic tetrapod biogeography

Liu

Bever

2015

Biol. Lett.

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Diadectomorpha is a clade of Late Palaeozoic vertebrates widely recognized as the sister group of crown-group Amniota and the first tetrapod lineage to evolve high-fibre herbivory. Despite their evolutionary importance, diadectomorphs are restricted stratigraphically and geographically, with all records being from the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian of North America and Germany. We describe a new diadectomorph, Alveusdectes fenestralis, based on a partial skull from the Upper Permian of China. The new species exhibits the derived mechanism for herbivory and is recovered phylogenetically as a deeply nested diadectid. Approximately 16 Myr younger than any other diadectomorph, Alveusdectes is the product of at least a 46 Myr ghost lineage. How much of this time was probably spent in Russia and/or central Asia will remain unclear until a specimen is described that subdivides this cryptic history, but the lineage assuredly crossed this region before entering the relatively isolated continent of North China. The discovery of Alveusdectes raises important questions regarding diadectomorph extinction dynamics including what, if any, ecological factors limited the diversity of this group in eastern Pangea. It also suggests that increased sampling in Asia will likely significantly affect our views of clade and faunal insularity leading up to the Permo-Triassic extinction.

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A new captorhinid reptile, Gansurhinus qingtoushanensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Permian of China

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Carnivorous dinocephalian from the Middle Permian of Brazil and tetrapod dispersal in Pangaea

Carnivorous dinocephalian from the Middle Permian of Brazil and tetrapod dispersal in Pangaea

Multiple tooth-rowed captorhinids from the Early Permian fissure fills of the Bally Mountain Locality of Oklahoma

The last diadectomorph sheds light on Late Palaeozoic tetrapod biogeography

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