A New Carbohydrate Solution for Testing Glucose Tolerance

Leonard, Samuel L.; Ep, McCULLAGH; Tc, Christopher

doi:10.2337/diab.14.2.96

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The 75‐g OGTT was initially carried out with 75 g anhydrous D‐ glucose (Glc) dissolved in water. However, another type of test solution composed of partial hydrolysate of starch (PHS) was established in the 1960s that reduced the sweetness and associated gastrointestinal symptoms. In 1983, Heine et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, differential responses in plasma glucose and serum insulin between Glc/OGTT and PHS/OGTT were reported in a case with possible abnormality in di‐ and oligosaccharide digestion. Nevertheless, in general, Glc/OGTT and PHS/OGTT have been considered to be practically equivalent, without being compared thoroughly by repetitive, two‐round OGTT in a sufficient number of subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerated oligosaccharide absorption and altered serum metabolites during oral glucose tolerance test in young Japanese with impaired glucose tolerance

Miki

Lee

Eguchi

et al. 2017

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionImpaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a subtype of prediabetes, a condition having high risk for development to diabetes mellitus, but its pathophysiology is not fully understood. In the present study, we examined metabolic changes in IGT by using two types (D‐glucose [Glc] and partial hydrolysate of starch [PHS]) of oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), with emphasis on serum incretins and metabolites.Materials and MethodsWe carried out the two types of OGTT (Glc/OGTT and PHS/OGTT) in 99 young Japanese individuals who had tested either positive (GU +; n = 48) or negative (GU −; n = 51) for glycosuria. After OGTT, they were sub‐grouped into five categories: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) in the GU − group (GU −/NGT; n = 49), NGT in the GU + group (GU +/NGT; n = 28), IGT (n = 12), diabetes mellitus (n = 1) and renal glycosuria (n = 9). Serum incretin and metabolites of GU −/NGT and IGT were then measured.ResultsWhen the serum insulin level at each time‐point during PHS/OGTT was expressed as its ratio relative to Glc/OGTT, it was increased time‐dependently in GU −/NGT, but not in IGT. Such an increase in the ratio was also detected of serum incretin levels in GU −/NGT, but not in IGT, suggesting a lack of deceleration of oligosaccharide absorption in IGT. Metabolome analysis showed a difference in the serum levels of two metabolites of unknown function in mammals, methylcysteine and sedoheptulose 1,7‐bisphosphate, between GU −/NGT and IGT.ConclusionsComparison of PHS/OGTT and Glc/OGTT showed that oligosaccharide absorption was accelerated in IGT. Methylcysteine and sedoheptulose 1,7‐bisphosphate could be novel markers for dysregulated glucose metabolism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated oligosaccharide absorption and altered serum metabolites during oral glucose tolerance test in young Japanese with impaired glucose tolerance

Miki

Lee

Eguchi

et al. 2017

J of Diabetes Invest

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“…1 " 3 In retesting of positive screenees, samples were obtained before and at one and two hours after the administration of carbohydrate. In contrast to the previous report, 1 no retest was considered positive unless at least the twohour level was 140 mg. per cent or greater.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Screening for Diabetes by Blood Glucose Measurement: Results of a Five-year Experience

Genuth¹,

Houser²,

Carter³

et al. 1976

Diabetes

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The Diabetes Association of greater Cleveland screened 307,000 individuals in the metropolitan area for diabetes with a 75-gm. oral load of carbohydrate. Of these subjects 12,600 (4.1 per cent) had a two-capillary blood glucose level of greater than 139 mg. per cent and were defined as positive. Seventy per cent of the positives were retested, and 65 per cent of these again had two-hour levels greater than 139 mg. per cent. Seventy-one per cent of the original screening values were between 104 and 199 mg. per cent. The rate of positivity on retesting increased with the original screening bracket reaching 90 per cent at an original screening level of 240 mg. per cent or higher. The frequency of positive retests also increased with age irrespective of whether the original screening level was less than or greater than 200 mg. per cent. The implications of this large detection experience for conducting future mass surveys for diabetes are discussed.

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“…Hales and Randle (10) reported practically identical mean BGL after oral loads of 50 and lOOg glucose, with mean plasma insulin levels considerably higher after the 100-g load. Leonards et al (17) have shown that glucose tolerance curves after loads of 75 or lOOg carbohydrate solution hardly differed from those after 100 g glucose. Forster et al (8) demonstrated in non-diabetic individ uals fed a wide range of glucose loads (3 0 -300 g) that the changes in their venous glucose concentrations were almost identical and inde pendent of their glucose uptakes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range-Related Glycaemic Response to Increasing Load of Carbohydrates

Goldschmied

Shani

1980

Pharmacology

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The glycaemic response to feeding increased loads of glucose and sucrose was investigated in man and rat. Assessed were the tolerance tests after feeding 10–100g glucose or 10–20 g sucrose to hospitalized diabetic or non-diabetic patients and after loading 30–450 mg glucose or sucrose per 100 g body weight to alloxan-diabetic or non-diabetic rats. The maximal levels of tolerance curves, the increase in blood glucose levels and the sum of the glycaemic values reflecting the areas under the curves were chosen as criteria. The correlation between the dose of ingested carbohydrates and the glycaemic effect was not necessarily linear, but blood glucose values following the carbohydrate loads were concentrated in ranges, corresponding to groups of load sizes. These observations may be practical for the diagnostic procedure and dietetic treatment of the diabetic patient.

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A New Carbohydrate Solution for Testing Glucose Tolerance

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Accelerated oligosaccharide absorption and altered serum metabolites during oral glucose tolerance test in young Japanese with impaired glucose tolerance

Accelerated oligosaccharide absorption and altered serum metabolites during oral glucose tolerance test in young Japanese with impaired glucose tolerance

Community Screening for Diabetes by Blood Glucose Measurement: Results of a Five-year Experience

Range-Related Glycaemic Response to Increasing Load of Carbohydrates

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