A new class of ferroelectric polymers, the odd-numbered nylons

Newman, B. A.; Scheinbeim, J. I.; Lee, J. W.; Takase, Y.

doi:10.1080/00150199208223376

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The process when the material is poled through the application of a variable electric field is called "hysteretic poling" [31]. The varying electric field is usually applied at low frequency (mHz) and either sinusoidal or triangular waveforms may be used [35][36][37][38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, performance and optimization of PVDF as a piezoelectric film for advanced space mirror concepts.

Jones¹,

Assink²,

Dargaville³

et al. 2005

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Piezoelectric polymers based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are of interest for large aperture spacebased telescopes as adaptive or smart materials. Dimensional adjustments of adaptive polymer films depend on controlled charge deposition. Predicting their long-term performance requires a detailed understanding of the piezoelectric material features, expected to suffer due to space environmental degradation. Hence, the degradation and performance of PVDF and its copolymers under various stress environments expected in low Earth orbit has been reviewed and investigated. Various experiments were conducted to expose these polymers to elevated temperature, vacuum UV, γ-radiation and atomic oxygen. The resulting degradative processes were evaluated. The overall materials performance is governed by a combination of chemical and physical degradation processes. Molecular changes are primarily induced via radiative damage, and physical damage from temperature and atomic oxygen exposure is evident as depoling, loss of orientation and surface erosion. The effects of combined vacuum UV radiation and atomic oxygen resulted in expected surface erosion and pitting rates that determine the lifetime of thin films. Interestingly, the piezo responsiveness in the underlying bulk material remained largely unchanged. This study has delivered a comprehensive framework for material properties and degradation sensitivities with variations in individual polymer performances clearly apparent. The results provide guidance for material selection, qualification, optimization strategies, feedback for manufacturing and processing, or alternative materials. Further material qualification should be conducted via experiments under actual space conditions. 3 4 AcknowledgementsThe authors express their appreciation to Bruce Tuttle for use of equipment to measure the d 33 coefficients, Jonathan Campbell for use of the evaporation chamber, Mark Stavig for DMA measurements, Gary Zender for acquiring the SEM images, Ralph

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confidence: 99%

Characterization, performance and optimization of PVDF as a piezoelectric film for advanced space mirror concepts.

Jones¹,

Assink²,

Dargaville³

et al. 2005

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“…One of the first reported alternatives to PVDF is the odd nylon system, which consists of a planar -CH 2 -backbone with polar carbonyl -C=O dipoles sticking out of the same side of the chain. The odd nylons [53][54][55][56][57][58], which have all the carbonyl groups on the same side of the molecule, are indeed ferroelectric, with polarizations increasing with carbonyl content, ranging from 40 mC/m 2 to 130 mC/m 2 [56], which is comparable to the range for PVDF and its copolymers. The odd nylons are inexpensive and easy to process and make good piezoelectric [53][54][55] and pyroelectric [53,57,59] materials.…”

Section: Other Ferroelectric Polymersmentioning

confidence: 74%

Why ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride is special

Poulsen

Ducharme

2010

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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Ferroelectric polymers entail a number of constraints, which together limit the useful compositional variations. These constraints include the following: a stable molecular dipole moment, compact crystal structure, conformational flexibility, and minimal steric hindrance. They are well satisfied by the prototype ferroelectric polymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, and yet almost every other conceivable molecular structure is limited by comparison.

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“…After discovery of piezoelectric properties and later ferroelectricity in PVDF [3] and ferroelectric properties in vinylidene fluoride copolymers [4], the ferroelectricity was found in odd nylons [5,6] in cyanopolymers (at replacement fluorine atoms in PVDF by cianogroup) [1,2], nitril polymer systems [7]. Many polymers in reality are electrets, where switching of polarization is hindered by the neighboring chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroelectric Nanocrystals from Copolymer P(VDF-TrFE), Their Switching and Properties

Fridkin

2011

Ferroelectrics

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Ferroelectric polymers show interesting peculiarities in spite of some constraints, which limit the number of possible materials. These constraints are compact crystal structure, conformational flexibility and minimal steric hindrance.One of the important properties of the ferroelectric polymers is the simple method of the nanostructures preparation. The present paper is devoted to the review of switching and ferroelectric properties of ultrathin copolymer Langmuir-Blodgett films and nanocrystals from vinylidene fluoride copolymer.

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A new class of ferroelectric polymers, the odd-numbered nylons

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Characterization, performance and optimization of PVDF as a piezoelectric film for advanced space mirror concepts.

Characterization, performance and optimization of PVDF as a piezoelectric film for advanced space mirror concepts.

Why ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride is special

Ferroelectric Nanocrystals from Copolymer P(VDF-TrFE), Their Switching and Properties

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