A new classification of the branchiopod Crustacea

Abstract

The first satisfactory groupings of the components of the Branchiopoda (Crustacea) were those of G. 0. Sars, whose successive refinements, as modified by Calman in a much used work, received wide acceptance. Thesr schemes, and the more important of the subsequently suggested changes, are listrd and tabulated. The Branchiopoda is a morphologically heterogeneous group whose component subgloups share a constellation of primitive features. It is also ancient, with representatives known from as Far back as the Devonian, and probably originated in pre-Devonian timrs, yrt still has many extant, sometimes highly successful, representatives. Such a situation presents difficulties to the would-be classifier. A new scheme is proposed which involves the elevation of four lower categories among the so-called Cladocera to ordinal rank. Two cunchostracan taxa are also given ordinal status. The ten constituent orders now recognized within the Branchiopoda are defined in more detail than hitherto as a working basis for future investigations.

On the ontogeny of Leptodora kindtii (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Cladocera), with notes on the phylogeny of the Cladocera

“…3) and of which we had some difficulty interpreting the significance. Since the publications of Wagner (1868), Weismann (1874), and Samter (1900), it has repeatedly been stated that L. kindtii lacks maxillae (e.g., Fryer, 1987;Rivier, 1998), and on one occasion it has even been said that the maxillae do not enter into the formation of the lower lip in free-living larvae of L. kindtii (Warren 1901). We have not examined free-living larvae of L. kindtii, but we find it unlikely that the ontogeny of the "lower lip" should be different in free-living larvae and parthenogenetic embryos, since they are very similar in most respects.…”

Relationships between littoral microcrustacea and aquatic macrophyte communities on the Isle of Skye (Scotland), with implications for the conservation of standing waters

“…Microcrustacean samples were also collected with a view to seeking correlations between the macrophyte community types and the invertebrate assemblages. The invertebrate group selected for study was formerly known as the 'Cladocera' but a recent taxonomic revision has divided it into four orders-Anomopoda, Ctenopoda, Onchyopoda and Haplopoda (Fryer, 1987). Members of the first three orders were recorded on the Isle of Skye.…”

Anew speciesof Eulimnadia(Crustacea: Spinicaudata: Limnadiidae) from New Zealand

“…Sixteen pairs of thoracopods, the first two pairs modified as claspers (Fig. 2C,D), as typical for the Spinicaudata (Fryer 1987). "Hand" of first clasper (terminology follows Fryer 1987 andMartin 1989) with a marked asymmetrical protuberance anteriodistally; on the second clasper this protuberance almost symmetrical.…”

“…Flabellum, without setae, projecting proximally from base of exopod and covering a small epipod. Morphology of other thoracopods unknown, but likely to be broadly similar (Fryer 1987). Telson (Fig.…”