A New Concept of Crisis Water Management in Urban Areas Based on the Risk Maps of Lack of Water Supply in Response to European Law

Abstract

The paper presents issues related to ensuring the safety of water supply, based on the analysis and assessment of the risk of the lack of water supply to consumers using risk maps, in accordance with the current global trend recommended by guidelines and procedures, compliance with which should be a priority activity in the struggle against adverse events, related to the functioning of every collective water supply system (CWSS). The work contribution is the development of an original methodology of risk analysis and assessment for the needs of mapping the risk of a lack of water supply in the normal operation of the water supply network, as well as during a crisis. The presented methods take into account the quantitative aspect of the lack of water supply, with the possibility of extending the proposed solutions with a qualitative aspect. The article will contribute to the development of knowledge in the area of analysis and assessment of the risk of a water supply failure in PsDyW, and will determine new standards in its graphical presentation. It is a response to the World Health Organization (WHO) requirements of providing protection for the critical infrastructure and ensuring access to water for all citizens in the European Union.

A New Method of Obtaining Water from Water Storage Tanks in a Crisis Situation Using Renewable Energy

“…A crisis situation, according to [1,2], is a situation that negatively affects the level of safety of people, property or the environment, causing significant limitations in the operation of relevant public administration bodies due to the inadequacy of the forces and resources at their disposal. Crisis situations in water supply systems include [3][4][5][6][7][8]:…”

The Failure Risk Analysis of the Water Supply Network

“…Such occurrences can be attributed to either unpredictable incidents, deliberate human interference, or the cumulative effects of factors such as time, excessive pressure within pipes, unfavorable hydraulic conditions, and inadequate adaptation of water quality parameters to the local conditions and materials employed [5][6][7][8]. The malfunctioning of the water supply network can also be impacted by inadequately designed structural concepts for the network, improper selection of hydraulic conditions during network operations (such as an excessively high operating pressure or insufficient use of fittings to safeguard against water hammer), corrosive characteristics of the soil, fluctuations in temperature, and other related factors [9][10][11][12][13]. A framework for dynamic nodal vulnerability assessment in water distribution networks, considering demand variations, operational status, and multilayer networks, providing more realistic evaluations and insights for maintenance scheduling concerning the risk associated with water supply network failures was introduced among others in the studies [14].…”

A New Method of Water Supply in Crisis Situation

“…There are known solutions to limit the lack of water supply in the event of a crisis situation. One of them is the delivery of water to recipients using appropriate means of transport, e.g., water tankers or vehicles for transporting pallets of bottles [22]. This is a commonly used solution.…”