A new Cretaceous mammal from the Campanian of Kazakhstan

Averianov, Alexander O.; Nessov, L. A.

doi:10.1127/njgpm/1995/1995/65

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In each hadrosaurid skull, light grey indicates premaxilla and black denotes nasal. The literature sources for each of the taxon’s datings are as follows: Aralosaurus tuberiferus [ 60 , 61 ], Jaxartosaurus aralensis [ 62 ], Pararhabdodon isonensis [ 21 ], Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus [ 33 ], and Lambeosaurini (oldest recorded age being that of Corythosaurus casuarius ) and Parasaurolophini (oldest recorded age being that of Parasaurolophus walkeri ) [ 63 ]. Geochronological ages are from [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Unicorn’ Dinosaur That Wasn’t: A New Reconstruction of the Crest of Tsintaosaurus and the Early Evolution of the Lambeosaurine Crest and Rostrum

Prieto-Márquez

Wagner

2013

PLoS ONE

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The lambeosaurine Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus has traditionally been reconstructed with an elevated, hollow, spike-like crest composed entirely of the nasal bones, although this has been disputed. Here, we provide a new reconstruction of the skull of this species based on reexamination and reinterpretation of the morphology and articular relationships of the type and Paratype skulls and a fragmentary crest. We confirm the presence of a supracranial crest composed of the elevated nasal bones, but also including the premaxillae. We hypothesize that the crest is a tall, lobate, hollow structure that projects dorsally and slightly caudally a distance greater than the height of the skull along the quadrate. In our reconstruction, the nasal passage passes through the crest, but enters the skull rostral to the tubular process of the nasals, not through it. Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus is rediagnosed on the basis of a suite of cranial autapomorphies including a circumnarial fossa subdivided into three accessory fossae, prefrontal with ascending rostral process and lateral flange, nasals fused sagittally to form elongate tubular process that rises dorsally from skull roof, each nasal being expanded rostrocaudally into a rhomboid distal process, and medial processes of premaxillae at the summit of the cranial crest inserted between rhomboid processes of nasals. Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus lacks characters that are present in more derived lambeosaurines (parasaurolophins and lambeosaurins), such as rotation of the caudal margin of the crest to an acute angle with the skull roof, lateral processes of the nasals that enclose part of the intracranial cavity and participate in the formation of the walls of the common median chamber, and a smooth narial fossa lacking ridges and accessory fossae. We hypothesize that ancestrally the rostrum of lambeosaurines may have been more similar to that in Saurolophinae, and became subsequently reduced in complexity during evolution of the group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Unicorn’ Dinosaur That Wasn’t: A New Reconstruction of the Crest of Tsintaosaurus and the Early Evolution of the Lambeosaurine Crest and Rostrum

Prieto-Márquez

Wagner

2013

PLoS ONE

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“…When absolute age estimates are not available but only time ranges (e.g., middle-late Maastrichtian), the age of the taxon is approximated as the mid-point of a particular geochronological stage (numbers between brackets). The literature sources for each of the taxon's ages are as follows: Amurosaurus riabinini [42] ; Aralosaurus tuberiferus [79] , [80] ; Charonosaurus jiayinensis [81] ; Corythosaurus spp., Lambeosaurus spp., and Parasaurolophus walkeri [82] ; Hypacrosaurus altispinus [43] ; H. stebingeri [5] ; Magnapaulia laticaudus [21] ; Jaxartosaurus aralensis [83] ; Olorotitan arharensis [37] ; Pararhabdodon isonensis [84] ; Parasaurolophus tubicen and P. cyrtocristatus [10] ; Sahaliyania elunchunorum [40] ; Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus [85] ; and Velafrons coahuilensis [8] . Geochronological ages are from Gradstein et al [86] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lambeosaurine Dinosaur Magnapaulia laticaudus from the Late Cretaceous of Baja California, Northwestern Mexico

2012

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The taxonomy, osteology, phylogenetic position, and historical biogeography of the lambeosaurine hadrosaurid Magnapaulia laticaudus (new combination) are revised. The diagnosis of this species is amended on the basis on two autapomorphies (i.e., longest haemal arches of proximal caudal vertebrae being at least four times longer than the height of their respective centra; base of prezygapophyses in caudal vertebrae merging to form a bowl-shaped surface) and a unique combination of characters (i.e., downturned cranioventral process of the maxilla; tear-shaped external naris with length/width ratio between 1.85 and 2.85; neural spines of dorsal, sacral, and proximal caudal vertebrae being at least four times the height of their respective centra). A maximum parsimony analysis supports a sister taxon relationship between M. laticaudus and Velafrons coahuilensis . Both taxa constitute a clade of southern North American lambeosaurines, which forms a sister relationship with the diverse clade of helmet-crested lambeosaurines from northern North America that includes well-known genera like Corythosaurus , Lambeosaurus , and Hypacrosaurus . According to the results of a Dispersal-Vicariance analysis, southern North American lambeosaurines split from the northern forms via vicariance from a common ancestor that lived in both the northern and southern regions of the continent.

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“…We agree with these authors' assignment of Kulbeckia to Zalambdalestidae, because it shares with Zalambdalestes and Barunlestes, among other traits, an elongated snout, procumbent, enlarged medial lower incisor, and anteroposteriorly compressed molar trigonids. Alymlestes kielanae Averianov and Nessov, 1995 is represented by the crown of a left lower molar (m1?) from the Campanian of the Alymtau Range in southern Kazakhstan (see also Nessov et al, 1994).…”

Section: List Of Anatomical Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Data on the Skull and Dentition in the Mongolian Late Cretaceous Eutherian Mammal Zalambdalestes

Wible¹,

Novacek²,

Rougier³

2004

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

117

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Exquisitely preserved specimens of the Late Cretaceous eutherian Zalambdalestes recently collected from the Djadokhta Formation (Early Campanian) of the Gobi Desert by the Mongolian Academy of Sciences-American Museum of Natural History Expeditions are the centerpiece of a thorough redescription of this taxon's craniodental morphology. Resolved and amended are uncertainties and errors in prior descriptions based on poorer preserved specimens collected by earlier expeditions to the Gobi. Preserved and described for the first time in Zalambdalestes is the basicranium, including an ectotympanic bone and portions of the hyoid arch.Zalambdalestes with a skull length of nearly 50 mm is large compared with other Cretaceous eutherians. It is also highly specialized with a long, thin, tubular snout, large diastemata in the anterior upper dentition, and an elongated mesial lower incisor with restricted enamel. These specializations, though less extreme, are also present in the zalambdalestids Barunlestes from the slightly younger Barun Goyot Formation of the Gobi and Kulbeckia from the late Turonian and Coniacian of Uzbekistan and the Santonian of Tadjikistan.No phylogenetic analysis published to date includes enough taxonomic and morphological breadth to evaluate the relationships of Zalambdalestes. Nevertheless, we investigate the impact of our observations on seven phylogenetic analyses published since 1993 that include Zalambdalestes. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis testing the relationships of Zalambdalestes is not included here, but it is expected to result from our ongoing efforts to produce a phylogeny of basal tribosphenic and therian mammals.Currently, zalambdalestids are viewed either as stem eutherians or as having affinities to Glires (lagomorphs and rodents). Our comparisons with other extinct and extant taxa support a position for Zalambdalestes within Eutheria but outside the crown-group Placentalia. Supporting this basal position for Zalambdalestes are such primitive features as the last upper incisor in the maxilla, nasals broadly expanded posteriorly to contact the lacrimals, pterygoids meeting on the midline, and the position of the glenoid fossa on the zygoma and not the braincase proper, in addition to the occurrence of epipubic bones reported previously. Zalambdalestes shares a number of apomorphies with Asioryctitheria, the clade including the Mongolian Late Cretaceous Asioryctes, Ukhaatherium, and Kennalestes. Among the unusual specializations supporting a zalambdalestid-asioryctithere clade are: the postglenoid foramen anterior rather than posterior to the postglenoid process; the postglenoid and entoglenoid processes of the squamosal continuous; a fusiform ectotympanic expanded laterally and contacting the entoglenoid process; a suprameatal foramen in the squamosal; a crista interfenestralis connecting from the petrosal promontorium to a fingerlike tympanic process behind the round window; a large piriform fenestra in the anterior roof of the tympanic cavity, which transmitted the ramus inf...

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A new Cretaceous mammal from the Campanian of Kazakhstan

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

The ‘Unicorn’ Dinosaur That Wasn’t: A New Reconstruction of the Crest of Tsintaosaurus and the Early Evolution of the Lambeosaurine Crest and Rostrum

The ‘Unicorn’ Dinosaur That Wasn’t: A New Reconstruction of the Crest of Tsintaosaurus and the Early Evolution of the Lambeosaurine Crest and Rostrum

The Lambeosaurine Dinosaur Magnapaulia laticaudus from the Late Cretaceous of Baja California, Northwestern Mexico

New Data on the Skull and Dentition in the Mongolian Late Cretaceous Eutherian Mammal Zalambdalestes

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