A new dataset and empirical relationships between magnitude/intensity and epicentral distance for liquefaction in central-eastern Sicily

Abstract

Strong earthquakes can trigger several phenomena inducing soil deformation, such as liquefaction, ground fracturing and landslides, which can often cause more damage than the seismic shaking itself. A research performed on numerous historical accounts reporting descriptions of seismogeological effects in central-eastern Sicily, allowed the authors to update the previous liquefaction datasets. 75 liquefaction-induced phenomena observed in 26 sites, triggered by 14 earthquakes, have been used to define relationships between intensity/magnitude values and epicentral distance from the liquefied sites. The proposed upper bound-curves, at regional scale for central-eastern Sicily, are realized by using the updating liquefaction dataset and also the new CPTI04 Italian earthquake parametric catalogue. These relationships can be useful in hazard assessment to evaluate the minimum energy of an earthquake inducing liquefactions.

Interplay of Holocene surface faulting and climate in the Central Po Plain, Italy

“…Folds and faults with similar liquefaction structures have been observed in different tectonic contexts and can be considered as a particular case of the seismoslumps (described by Montenat et al, 2007), in which brittle structures were formed. Similar structures also have been observed in recent fine-grained lacustrine sediments in Kashmir, where they have been interpreted as an effect of seismic shaking (Ali and Ali, 2018) and in the Catania plain, in close connection with large sand dikes (Pirrotta et al, 2007; Guarnieri et al, 2008). (2) Following more strictly the ground effects caused by the seismic sequence of the 2012 Ferrara earthquakes, Pizzi and Scisciani (2012) observed the concomitance of extensional and contractional structures due to widespread liquefaction.…”

“…10B) were subjected to lateral spreading. We also consider that the same process may have contributed to the formation of contractional structures recorded in the Catania Plain (Pirrotta et al, 2007; Guarnieri et al, 2008).…”

Késő negyedidőszaki szeizmikus aktivitás nyomai futóhomokban, a Dunaszentgyörgy–Harta vetőzónában

“…Törések és képlékeny deformációk 5-nél kisebb magnitúdójú rengések során is keletkezhetnek. Az injekciós telérek kialakulásához üledékfolyósodás szükséges, ami 5-ös magnitúdó felett következik be (ATKINSON 1984, MCCALPIN 2009, OBERMEIER et al 2005, PIRROTTA et al 2007. PIRROTTA et al (2007) 75 talajfolyósodással járó földrengés feldolgozása alapján úgy találták, hogy a jelenség 69%-a 6,6-os magnitúdónál vagy afölött alakult ki, 24% 5,6-6,5 között, és 7% 5,5 alatt.…”

“…Az injekciós telérek kialakulásához üledékfolyósodás szükséges, ami 5-ös magnitúdó felett következik be (ATKINSON 1984, MCCALPIN 2009, OBERMEIER et al 2005, PIRROTTA et al 2007. PIRROTTA et al (2007) 75 talajfolyósodással járó földrengés feldolgozása alapján úgy találták, hogy a jelenség 69%-a 6,6-os magnitúdónál vagy afölött alakult ki, 24% 5,6-6,5 között, és 7% 5,5 alatt. A vetőzónák felett meg jelenő dilatációs hasadékok is csak 5 magnitúdó feletti földrengé sekhez kötődnek, tehát a megfigyelt szeizmikus jelenségeket 5 magnitúdónál nagyobb energiájú földren gések eredményezték.…”

Estimation of historical earthquake-induced liquefaction in Fraser River delta using NBCC 2020 GMPEs in deterministic and probabilistic frameworks

“…This relationship was developed based on the assumption that ground motion from an earthquake cannot trigger liquefaction farther than a specific distance. Magnitude-bound curves have been proposed from either global or regional earthquakes data by Papadopoulos and Lefkopoulos (1993), Galli (2000), Papathanassiou et al (2005), Castilla and Audemard (2007), and Pirrotta et al (2007). These curves constrain the minimum magnitude of historical earthquakes to have induced the observed paleo-liquefaction events.…”