A new diagnostic tool for masked hypertension: impaired sleep quality

Abstract

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between masked hypertension and impaired sleep quality. Additionally, we evaluated the diagnostic role and prevalence of poor sleep quality among patients with newly diagnosed masked hypertension.Material and methodsA total of 112 individuals, 72 patients with newly diagnosed masked hypertension and 40 normotensive healthy volunteers, were included in this study. All patients underwent evaluation comprising 12-lead electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, 24-hour Holter ECG, and basic laboratory tests. Additionally, all participants completed questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsThe total PSQI score was significantly higher in the masked hypertension group than in the normotensive healthy volunteers (4.13 ±2.43 vs. 2.33 ±1.67, p < 0.001). A PSQI score > 5 was found in 45.8% (n = 33) of patients in the masked hypertension group and 15% (n = 6) of patients in the normotensive group (p < 0.001). The non-dipper pattern was found in 17.5% of the healthy volunteer group and 59.94% (n = 41) of the masked hypertension group (p < 0.001). When we compared the dipping pattern of the masked hypertension groups, there was a significant difference in PSQI score between the dipper and non-dipper groups (4.87 ±3.21 vs. 3.58 ±2.33, p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that masked hypertension, LV mass, and LV mass index score were independent predictors of poor PSQI.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates impaired sleep quality in subjects with masked hypertension, particularly those with a non-dipper pattern. Additionally, this study indicates that impaired sleep quality may help diagnose masked hypertension, particularly in the non-dipper group.

Association of masked uncontrolled hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in treated hypertensive patients

“…Prior observational studies have demonstrated that increased clinic blood pressure (BP) is independently associated with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality [1,5,6]. Importantly and interestingly, in the last decade, observational studies have revealed that some individuals have normal BP in the outpatient clinic but with increased BP outside of the clinic office, which is now known as masked hypertension [7][8][9][10].…”

Role of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Prehypertension

“…Interestingly, a relationship between masked hypertension and poor sleep quality has been recently reported. The study demonstrated impaired sleep quality, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, in subjects with masked hypertension, particularly those with a non-dipper pattern [36].…”

The association of endothelin-1 gene polymorphism and its plasma levels with hypertension and coronary atherosclerosis

“…All the participants underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation, including a complete medical history and physical examination, measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, a com plete blood count (CBC), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and a lipid profile. Clinical blood pressure recordings were performed according to the standard technique using a mercury sphygmomanometer [35]. Hypertension was defined as having a systolic blood pressure higher than 140 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure more than 90 mm Hg, or having records of taking any kind of anti-hypertension remedy [28,36,37].…”