A New Empirical Equation for Estimating Specific Surface Area of Supercapacitor Carbon Electrode from X-Ray Diffraction

Deraman, Mohamad; Daik, Rusli; Soltaninejad, Sepideh; Nor, N. S M; Awitdrus,; Farma, Rakhmawati; Mamat, Nurul Fatin; Basri, N. H.; Othman, Mohd. Amir Radhi

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1108.1

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This suggested the formation of amorphous carbon structures, with closely similar values, as reported in several previous studies. In observing the physical properties of the carbon‐based derivatives for high‐performance supercapacitors, pseudo‐crystalline dimension of L c /L a is often associated with specific surface area, based on several earlier reports [46] . The high surface area is confirmed by a relatively larger L c /L a ratio.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Capacitive Supercapacitor Derived from Self‐Oxygen Doped Biomass‐Based 3D Porous Carbon Sources

2021

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This study reported an ultrahigh specific capacitance of a supercapacitor, using self‐oxygen doped 3D‐porous carbon derivatives from dried banana leaves. The samples were synthesized by ZnCl2 impregnation at different temperature pyrolysis of 700–900 °C. Furthermore, the overall process significantly increased the specific surface area from 429.6 to 860.4 m2 g−1 followed by the formation of 3D‐interconnected pores structures. Unexpectedly, the activated carbon demonstrated high‐level oxygen dopants between 9.47–12.45%. These valuable physical features showed a ultrahigh specific capacitance of 401 F g−1 and 235 F g−1 in a two‐electrode configuration system, using electrolytes of 1 M H2SO4 and 6 M KOH, respectively. Also, electrochemical properties were evaluated in the form of pellet binder‐free materials. Porous carbon sources were known to generate extensive specific energy of 55.69 Wh kg−1 and specific power of 200.09 W kg−1. Based on the technique and results, the use of hierarchical 3D‐porous carbon derivatives is validated as robust electrode materials in developing high‐performance electrochemical energy storage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Capacitive Supercapacitor Derived from Self‐Oxygen Doped Biomass‐Based 3D Porous Carbon Sources

2021

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“…Table 1 shows a detailed report on (i) interlayer spacing, including (d 002 and d 100 ), considered normal for amorphous carbon structures from biomass raw materials, 45 and (ii) lattice parameters (L a and L c ) obtained from the Debye-Sheerer formula [Eqns (1) and 2]. These data are within the typical range for carbon materials, as the L c shows an indirect correlation with the surface area, which is calculated using the formula S = 2⍴/L c. 46,47 This evaluation is confirmed by the N 2 gas absorption analysis, which also demonstrates an increase in surface area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rod‐like mesoporous carbon derived from agro‐industrial cassava petiole waste for supercapacitor application

Taer

Apriwandi

Dalimunthe

et al. 2020

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Agro‐industrial co‐products rich in lignocellulose, for example cassava petiole (CP) waste, have high potential as sources of porous carbon materials, alongside other impressive advantages, including ease of acquisition, abundance and availability, renewability and low cost. This work shows the successful treatment of mesoporous carbon with rod‐like structure derived from agro‐industrial CP waste carbonized and physically activated by direct one‐stage integrated pyrolysis using a zinc chloride (ZnCl2) activator agent, in the production of a supercapacitor electrode for energy storage. The ZnCl2 was tested at varying concentrations, including 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 mol L–1. The surface morphology, chemical content, surface area and porous size distribution were evaluated to determine the physical properties of activated carbon, and a cyclic voltammetry method was used to assess the electrochemical characteristics using a two‐electrode system in 1 mol L–1 H2SO4 as an electrolyte. RESULTS The porous carbon obtained displayed a rod‐like morphology structure, featuring numerous hierarchical tuneable and well‐confirmed micropores and mesopores. This monolithic material contained predominantly C (87.85%), demonstrating a maximum surface area of 759.816 m2 g−1 at 0.9 mol L–1 concentration. Furthermore, the highest specific capacitance reached was 193 F g−1 at 0.7 mol L–1, with maximum energy and power densities of 26.90 Wh kg−1 and 96.94 W kg−1, respectively. CONCLUSION The novel rod‐like mesoporous carbon derived from CP waste produced using a facile, cost‐effective and sustainable method, without metal–organic framework or templates, shows great potential as an electrode material for enhanced supercapacitor performance. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)

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“…Furthermore, each microcrystalline dimension can be used as a reference to determine the specific surface area of the sample. The relationship between stack height Lc and specific surface area is shown in the empirical formula SSAxrd=2/ρxrdLc [40,41]. Based on this, the highest surface area discovered in the TD-ZnCl2 sample was predicted with TD-NaOH and TD-H3PO4.…”

Section: Microstructure Featuresmentioning

confidence: 89%

Nanofiber-enrich activated carbon coin derived from tofu dregs as electrode materials for supercapacitor

Taer

Apriwandi

Hasanah

et al. 2021

CST

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In this study, the activated carbon with enriched nanofiber obtained from free-binder materials. It was conducted tofu dregs carbon nanofiber as electrode material for supercapacitor without the addition of pVdF/PTFE. The chemical impregnation of NaOH, ZnCl2 and H3PO4 at high-temperature pyrolysis in an N2-CO2 environment converted the tofu dregs into carbon coin. Subsequently, the physical properties including, microcrystalline, morphology, element analysis, and electrochemical properties of specific capacitance were investigated. The morphological structure of activated carbon showed high nanofiber density and was decorated by sponge-like pores. In addition, the nanofiber contains oxygen content of 12.70% which can act as self-doping due to the pseudo-capacitance properties. Furthermore, the two-electrode system obtained a specific capacitance of 163 F g-1 in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The results showed that tofu dregs-based activated carbon coins are sustainable and efficient to obtain high-dense nanofiber structure as electrode materials for energy storage applications.

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A New Empirical Equation for Estimating Specific Surface Area of Supercapacitor Carbon Electrode from X-Ray Diffraction

Cited by 51 publications

References 28 publications

Ultrahigh Capacitive Supercapacitor Derived from Self‐Oxygen Doped Biomass‐Based 3D Porous Carbon Sources

Ultrahigh Capacitive Supercapacitor Derived from Self‐Oxygen Doped Biomass‐Based 3D Porous Carbon Sources

A rod‐like mesoporous carbon derived from agro‐industrial cassava petiole waste for supercapacitor application

Nanofiber-enrich activated carbon coin derived from tofu dregs as electrode materials for supercapacitor

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