A new engineering-geological rock durability classification

Olivier, H

doi:10.1016/0013-7952(79)90067-x

Cited by 57 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Furthermore, the overwhelming majority of sampled rocks are uniformly ranked as highly durable. Several authors have also reported similar problems in the use of the slake durability index as applied to geotechnical projects such as highway or tunnel construction (Duncan et al 1968, Noble 1977, Olivier 1979, Richardson 1985 3, The test is insensitive to shales which slake into small chips which are larger than the #10 sieve (2 mm) size of the openings in the hardware cloth forming the testing drums~ (Duncan et al 1968, Olivier 1979). This effect was duplicated in shale samples tested in the present study, where high Ins of over 90 were attained, yet the shale samples disintegrated into masses of small chips in the soak test ( fig.…”

Section: B) Uniaxial Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is done by measuring the volume expansion of the cored rock normal to bedding upon immersion in water for a period of 24 hours after oven drying to 105 degrees C. A dial gage is used to measure any dilatancy. Swelling strains are probably the result of expansion due to air breakage along interconnected voids such as microcracks in the rock (Olivier 1979). …”

Section: B) Uniaxial Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…uniaxial comPressive strength, and Atterberg limits of the rocks, wherever applicable, were used to classify their durability under the classification systems developed by Franklin and Chandra (1972), Deere and Gamble (1971), and Olivier (1979), None of the rock samples had significant calcareous cement, based on negative fizz test results.…”

Section: B) Uniaxial Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Rock Durability Testing Techniques for Appalachian Valley Fills

Welsh¹,

Robinson²

1988

ASMR

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Abstract.--The integrity and stability of gravity-placed or end-dumped excess spoil fills in the Appalachians is partially dependent upon placement of durable rock material. Standard durability tests do not adequately discriminate between nondurable and durable rock. Review of recent rock durability research has identified testing procedures and classification systems that may be more applicable to excess spoil fills and the surface mining process, A geotechnical testing program, incorporating the transfer of this recent technology, has been designed by the U.S. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and &nforcement to allow better prediction of rock durability for a range of overburden materials. An array of rapid, inexpensive rock competency tests are being compared to determine which tests or combination of tests give correlative results which allow accurate prediction of rock durability. Preliminary results from 18 rock samples collected from minesites in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia suggest that tests which measure rock swelling upon water immersion are particularly valuable in predicting the behavior of marginally durable shales, Simple swell tests, when combined with rock strength tests, seem to provide the most efficient discrimination between rocks of similar appearance, but widely varying durability. An additional 84 rock samples collected from 43 minesites in Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee are being analyzed to further refine the testing techniques and to investigate the primary mechanisms contributing to slaking.

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Section: B) Uniaxial Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: B) Uniaxial Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B) Uniaxial Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Rock Durability Testing Techniques for Appalachian Valley Fills

Welsh¹,

Robinson²

1988

ASMR

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“…A drill core specimen of very specific dimensions is usually required for each testing unit. The Duncan Free Swelling Test [13] measures the swelling displacement in the central axis of the specimen as a function of time. It is carried out by submerging the entire core in distilled water or another applicable medium and then monitoring the change in length up to the maximum point, by means of a dial gauge placed at the top of the specimen.…”

Section: Swelling Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geodurability classification developed by Olivier [13] combines the UCS and Duncan Free Swelling coefficient into a new rock classification. The rock material is classified into one of five classes from 'excellent' (class A) to 'very poor' (class E).…”

Section: Geodurability Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of potassium on the weathering properties of kimberlite and the information provided by different testing methods

Morkel

Saydam

2008

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

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Assessing proxy methods for measuring bedrock erodibility in fluvial impact erosion

Turowski,

Huxol,

Pruß

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The erodibility of bedrock and rock masses is an important parameter for understanding landform development, landscape evolution modelling and engineering applications. Yet, complex geotechnical properties and the difficulty of directly quantifying erodibility limit the theoretical understanding and prediction of erosion processes. Several proxy methods have been suggested to assess bedrock erodibility by fluvial impact erosion. Yet, none of these proxy methods have been rigorously benchmarked with direct laboratory or field measurements. Here, we assess the usefulness of proxy methods described in the literature in the quantitative prediction of fluvial impact erosion. We compare four proxy methods – Mohs' hardness, the Schmidt hammer rebound value, Annandale's erodibility index and the Selby score – to erodibility laboratory data measured using erosion mills. We assess these methods using three statistical parameters: Kendall's tau and Spearman's rho rank correlation coefficients, and the adjusted R2 from an exponential fit. We distinguish between three applications, which require increasing correlation strength. These are (i) trend detection (sorting groups of data by their relative erodibility), (ii) quantitative ranking (relative erodibility of groups of data can be quantitatively assessed), and quantitative prediction (erodibility for individual sites can be quantitatively assessed). Mohs' hardness, Schmidt hammer measurements and Annandale's method are suitable for trend detection, while Selby's method is not. None of the methods is suitable for quantitative prediction. As such, none of the methods is a suitable proxy for estimating erodibility in fluvial bedrock erosion at a particular location. For quantitative ranking, we suggest to use either Mohs' hardness or Schmidt hammer measurements, because of (i) the correlation with mill‐measured erodibility, (ii) their ease and quickness of application in the field and (iii) the minimum of required training. When applying these methods, investigators should obtain data both from the same and from different lithological units at many sites. Then, the results can then be used for bulk assessment, but not for individual sites.

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A new engineering-geological rock durability classification

Cited by 57 publications

References 7 publications

Improved Rock Durability Testing Techniques for Appalachian Valley Fills

Improved Rock Durability Testing Techniques for Appalachian Valley Fills

The influence of potassium on the weathering properties of kimberlite and the information provided by different testing methods

Assessing proxy methods for measuring bedrock erodibility in fluvial impact erosion

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