A new flame-ion mass spectrometer: chemi-ionizatino of lanthanum observed in hydrogen—oxygen—argon flames

The effects of applying electric fields on the mass spectrometric sampling of positive and negative ions from a flame at atmospheric pressure

“…These problems include the flame's flow field possibly being disturbed [16,17], changes of composition consequent upon a sample being cooled on entering the first vacuum http chamber of the mass spectrometer [18][19][20][21], chemical reactions catalysed by the material of the sampling nozzle and finally the effects of natural (or applied) electric fields [22][23][24][25][26] on the motion of ions from a flame into the sampling system. The latest design of a mass spectrometer [27] for studying ions in a flat flame at atmospheric pressure has succeeded in solving or minimising most of these problems. However, some difficulties do remain.…”

Uncertainty quantification of ion chemistry in lean and stoichiometric homogenous mixtures of methane, oxygen, and argon

“…Thus, non-intrusive, laser-based diagnostics are difficult to apply for the purpose of measuring electron and ion concentrations in flames, and the quantitative characterization of charged species in flames often proceeds through invasive methods, such as sampling followed by a mass-spectrometer analysis [7,8] or Langmuir probes [7,9,10].…”

Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of scandium (I) ion reacting with SCO in gas phase

“…Transition metal chemistry such as scandium in the gas phase has previously been the subject of theoretical and experimental studies [7][8], Amentrout et al [9] using Guided Ion Beam Mass Spectrometer studied the reaction of Sc + and SCO, and determined the scandium sulfide bond energies. They found the dominant products at the low energy condition, and proposed the insertion-elimination reaction mechanism.…”