A new form of insect cuticle

Gardiner, B. G.; Khan, Muhammad Farhanullah

doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb01903.x

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Neville et al (30) reported that a common arrangement of chitin crystallites embedded in the matrix of proteins in the procuticle of arthropods including insects is a hexagonal or pseudo hexagonal lattice with a size range of ϳ4.5-9.0 nm for each side. Nanofibers with diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm in cicada cuticles (31), 25 nm in the claval furrow of L. migratoria (32), and 160 -300 nm in the jaws of the Australian plague locust (33) have been reported. Nanofibers with a diameter of 50 -250 nm and a length of 300 nm have been proposed as the building blocks of horizontally stacked laminae (34).…”

Section: Group I Chitin Deacetylases and Insect Cuticle Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Group I chitin deacetylases are essential for higher order organization of chitin fibers in beetle cuticle

Noh

Muthukrishnan

Kramer

et al. 2018

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Roles in the organization of the cuticle (exoskeleton) of two chitin deacetylases (CDAs) belonging to group I, and, as well as two alternatively spliced forms of the latter, and, from the red flour beetle, , were examined in different body parts using transmission EM and RNAi. Even though all are co-expressed in cuticle-forming cells from the hardened forewing (elytron) and ventral abdomen, as well as in the softer hindwing and dorsal abdomen, there are significant differences in the tissue specificity of expression of the alternatively spliced transcripts. Loss of either TcCDA1 or TcCDA2 protein by RNAi causes abnormalities in organization of chitinous horizontal laminae and vertical pore canals in all regions of the procuticle of both the hard and soft cuticles. Simultaneous RNAi for and produces the most serious abnormalities. RNAi of either or affects cuticle integrity to some extent. Following RNAi, there is accumulation of smaller disorganized fibers in both the horizontal laminae and pore canals, indicating that TcCDAs play a critical role in elongation/organization of smaller nanofibers into longer fibers, which is essential for structural integrity of both hard/thick and soft/thin cuticles. Immunolocalization of TcCDA1 and TcCDA2 proteins and effects of RNAi on their accumulation indicate that these two proteins function in concert exclusively in the assembly zone in a step involving the higher order organization of the procuticle.

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Section: Group I Chitin Deacetylases and Insect Cuticle Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Group I chitin deacetylases are essential for higher order organization of chitin fibers in beetle cuticle

Noh

Muthukrishnan

Kramer

et al. 2018

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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show abstract

“…It is well adapted to its function and varies from a thin, delicate, transparent membrane, such as that over a receptor, to the thick, tough and rigid armour present in many beetles and crustaceans. Mouthparts are sclerotized cuticle and in three locust species (Gardiner and Khan 1979) a harder form of mandibular cuticle covers the normal cuticle (cf. 30.2.8).…”

Section: Stabilization Of Cuticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%