A New GNSS Interference Detection Method Based on Rearranged Wavelet–Hough Transform

Sun, Kewen; Zhang, Tengteng

doi:10.3390/s21051714

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In an interfering environment, the model of the signal at the input of a GNSS receiver is expressed as [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 , 25 ]:

where

is the

GNSS signal (

denotes the number of satellites in view, and

is the disturbing term. When a single useful signal is considered, for example, the GNSS signal emitted by the

satellite can be expressed as [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 ]:

where:

is the amplitude of the

useful GNSS satellite signal;

is the propagation delay for the

satellite signal;

denotes the Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) code sequence extracted from a family of quasi-orthogonal codes modulated by rectangular pulses. For the simple case of the GPS L1-C/A signal,

represents the C/A code;

represents the navigation data bit information;

denotes the carrier center frequency of the GNSS signal, for the GPS L1-C/A signal, …”

Section: Gnss Signal and Interference Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disturbing term

can be written as [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 , 25 ]:

where

is the nonstationary interfering signal, and

is the GNSS receiver thermal noise, usually in the form of a zero-mean stationary additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) process.…”

Section: Gnss Signal and Interference Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the Choi–Williams transform (CWT) has been suggested to attenuate the influence of the cross-interfering term when detecting GNSS interfering signals [ 8 ]. In addition, reassignment methods have been proposed for the improvement of the time-frequency localization properties of the time-frequency analyses adopted in GNSS interference detection [ 9 , 10 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From another perspective, Wigner–Ville distribution transforms the analyzed signal into a time-frequency energy distribution in the time-frequency plane, whose shape depends on the frequency modulation law impressed on the analyzed signal [ 16 ]. When dealing with the sweep interference present in the received GNSS signal, a time-frequency distribution can be obtained with its energy focused on a straight line in the time-frequency domain by adopting Wigner–Ville distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to our knowledge, the Wigner–Hough transform was historically used for detecting GNSS interfering signals for the first time [ 23 ]. Hough transform-based techniques have played increasingly important roles in GNSS interference detection and have received more attention [ 24 , 25 ]; several reassigned time-frequency analyses have been used in combination with the Hough transform to construct improved interference detection methods for GNSS receivers [ 16 , 26 ], but the reassignment operations with these techniques require heavy computational complexities in the detection of GNSS interference. In addition, Hough transform-based techniques were also used in other navigation and radar-related applications [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel GNSS Interference Detection Method Based on Smoothed Pseudo-Wigner–Hough Transform

Sun

Elhajj

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper develops novel Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) interference detection methods based on the Hough transform. These methods are realized by incorporating the Hough transform into three Time-Frequency distributions: Wigner–Ville distribution, pseudo -Wigner–Ville distribution and smoothed pseudo-Wigner–Ville distribution. This process results in the corresponding Wigner–Hough transform, pseudo-Wigner–Hough transform and smoothed pseudo-Wigner–Hough transform, which are used in GNSS interference detection to search for local Hough-transformed energy peak in a small limited area within the parameter space. The developed GNSS interference detection methods incorporate a novel concept of zero Hough-transformed energy distribution percentage to analyze the properties of energy concentration and cross-term suppression. The methods are tested with real GPS L1-C/A data collected in the presence of sweep interference. The test results show that the developed methods can deal with the cross-term problem with improved interference detection performance. In particular, the GNSS interference detection performance obtained with the smoothed pseudo-Wigner–Hough transform method is at least double that of the Wigner–Hough transform-based approach; the smoothed pseudo-Wigner–Hough transform-based GNSS interference detection method is improved at least 20% over the pseudo-Wigner–Hough transform-based technique in terms of the zero Hough-transformed energy percentage criteria. Therefore, the proposed smoothed pseudo-Wigner–Hough transform-based method is recommended in the interference detection for GNSS receivers, particularly in challenging electromagnetic environments.

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“…In an interfering environment, the model of the signal at the input of a GNSS receiver is expressed as [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 , 25 ]:

where

is the

GNSS signal (

denotes the number of satellites in view, and

is the disturbing term. When a single useful signal is considered, for example, the GNSS signal emitted by the

satellite can be expressed as [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 ]:

where:

is the amplitude of the

useful GNSS satellite signal;

is the propagation delay for the

satellite signal;

denotes the Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) code sequence extracted from a family of quasi-orthogonal codes modulated by rectangular pulses. For the simple case of the GPS L1-C/A signal,

represents the C/A code;

represents the navigation data bit information;

denotes the carrier center frequency of the GNSS signal, for the GPS L1-C/A signal, …”

Section: Gnss Signal and Interference Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disturbing term

can be written as [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 , 25 ]:

where

is the nonstationary interfering signal, and

is the GNSS receiver thermal noise, usually in the form of a zero-mean stationary additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) process.…”

Section: Gnss Signal and Interference Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Novel GNSS Interference Detection Method Based on Smoothed Pseudo-Wigner–Hough Transform

Sun

Elhajj

et al. 2021

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A new hough transform operated in a bounded cartesian coordinate parameter space

Yang

Hou

et al. 2022

IET Image Processing

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In this paper, a new Hough transform is proposed to detect lines with geometric meanings. In the standard Hough transform, lines are parameterized by the length and orientation of the normal vector from the origin to the line. The parameter space of the standard Hough transform is presented in a polar coordinate system. Geometric measurements such as distance and angle are not suitable in polar coordinate space due to the inconsistency of the axes. To deal with this problem, a Hough transform which is carried out in a bounded Cartesian coordinate parameter space is developed. The lines are represented by their perpendicular feet with respect to a fixed point. Since the parameter space is in Cartesian coordinate space, it is intuitive to the researchers. When detecting the peaks in the parameter space, distance and angle constraints can be applied. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been illustrated by two applications, that is, lane line detection and convex polygon extraction. The results show that the proposed Cartesian coordinate Hough transform is suitable for detecting meaningful lines.

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Diabetic foot ulcer wound curing assessment for improved accuracy through thermal imaging based on drug dosage using Hankel transform compared with hough transform

Afreed,

Gayathri

2024

Fifth International Conference on Applied Sciences: Icas2023

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A New GNSS Interference Detection Method Based on Rearranged Wavelet–Hough Transform

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

A Novel GNSS Interference Detection Method Based on Smoothed Pseudo-Wigner–Hough Transform

A Novel GNSS Interference Detection Method Based on Smoothed Pseudo-Wigner–Hough Transform

A new hough transform operated in a bounded cartesian coordinate parameter space

Diabetic foot ulcer wound curing assessment for improved accuracy through thermal imaging based on drug dosage using Hankel transform compared with hough transform

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