A New Halocarbon Absorption Model Based on HITRAN Cross‐Section Data and New Estimates of Halocarbon Instantaneous Clear‐Sky Radiative Forcing

Abstract

The article describes a new practical model for the infrared absorption of chlorofluorocarbons and other gases with dense spectra, based on high‐resolution transmission molecular absorption database (HITRAN) absorption cross‐sections. The model is very simple, consisting of frequency‐dependent polynomial coefficients describing the pressure and temperature dependence of absorption. Currently it is implemented for the halocarbon species required by the Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project. In cases where cross‐section data is available at a range of different temperatures and pressures, this approach offers practical advantages compared to previously available options, and is traceable, since the polynomial coefficients follow directly from the laboratory spectra. The new model is freely available and has several important applications, notably in remote sensing and in developing advanced radiation schemes for global circulation models that include halocarbon absorption. For demonstration, the model is applied to the problem of computing instantaneous clear‐sky halocarbon radiative efficiencies and present day radiative forcing. Results are in reasonable agreement with earlier assessments that were carried out with the less explicit Pinnock method, and thus broadly validate that method. Plain Language Summary Chlorofluorocarbons and other related gases have dense and complicated absorption spectra that can be measured in the laboratory. We bring such measurements to a form that can be used for simulations of the transfer of radiation through the atmosphere. Then we use the new model to calculate new estimates of the climate impact of these man‐made gases. The results broadly validate earlier calculations that were done with a less explicit method.

Nitrous Oxide and Climate

“…It is therefore reasonable that incorporating clouds, will reduce the halogenated gas radiative forcing. Some studies have found clouds reduce the halogenated gas forcing by 25% [7].…”

“…The uncertainty of the Hitran cross sections is given to be about 8% [7]. Integrating over frequency gave the total cross sections listed in the final column of Table 1.…”

“…There have been a number of calculations of the radiative forcings and global warming potentials for various halogenated molecules [5,6,7]. These calculations used various radiative transfer models along with results from the Hitran database for the absorption cross sections for the halogenated gases as well as line strengths for greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide [8].…”

Condensed Matter Systems Exposed to Radiation: Multiscale Theory, Simulations, and Experiment

“…HITRAN 883 is a compilation of spectroscopic parameters used by various computer codes to simulate the transmission and emission of light in the atmosphere and derive radiative forcing of aeronomic molecules. 884 HITRAN provides a selfconsistent set of parameters (a mixture of calculated and experimental ones) that are widely adopted by the atmospheric community. Similarly, the fusion community, through IAEA, has developed the ALADDIN database, 885 providing numerical atomic, molecular and plasma-material interaction data of interest to fusion research.…”

“…This is particularly true in the atmospheric community where the HITRAN database is used as a standard. HITRAN is a compilation of spectroscopic parameters used by various computer codes to simulate the transmission and emission of light in the atmosphere and derive radiative forcing of aeronomic molecules . HITRAN provides a self-consistent set of parameters (a mixture of calculated and experimental ones) that are widely adopted by the atmospheric community.…”