A New High-Paleolatitude Late Permian Permineralized Peat Flora from the Sydney Basin, Australia

McLoughlin, Stephen; Maksimenko, Anton; Mays, Chris

doi:10.1086/702939

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…They occur at various levels in the Permian succession including at the top of the Vales Point Coal in the Munmorah area where they were documented by Retallack (2005). Rare nodules of silicified and calcified peat from Wuchiapingian coal seams in the southern part of the basin entomb three-dimensionally preserved mire plants dominated by the remains of glossopterid woody gymnosperms, but also including a range of herbaceous ferns and lycopsids, and fungi (Pigg & McLoughlin, 1997;McLoughlin et al, 2019).…”

Section: Facies Association H -Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rare nodules of silicified and calcified peat from Wuchiapingian coal seams in the southern part of the basin entomb three‐dimensionally preserved mire plants dominated by the remains of glossopterid woody gymnosperms, but also including a range of herbaceous ferns and lycopsids, and fungi (Pigg & McLoughlin, 1997; McLoughlin et al. , 2019).…”

Section: Facies Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedimentology of the continental end‐Permian extinction event in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

et al. 2020

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Upper Permian to Lower Triassic coastal plain successions of the Sydney Basin in eastern Australia have been investigated in outcrop and continuous drillcores. The purpose of the investigation is to provide an assessment of palaeoenvironmental change at high southern palaeolatitudes in a continental margin context for the late Permian (Lopingian), across the end-Permian Extinction interval, and into the Early Triassic. These basins were affected by explosive volcanic eruptions during the late Permian and, to a much lesser extent, during the Early Triassic, allowing high-resolution age determination on the numerous tuff horizons. Palaeobotanical and radiogenic isotope data indicate that the end-Permian Extinction occurs at the top of the uppermost coal bed, and the Permo-Triassic boundary either within an immediately overlying mudrock succession or within a succeeding channel sandstone body, depending on locality due to lateral variation. Late Permian depositional environments were initially (during the Wuchiapingian) shallow marine and deltaic, but coastal plain fluvial environments with extensive coal-forming mires became progressively established during the early late Permian, reflected in numerous preserved coal seams. The fluvial style of coastal plain channel deposits varies geographically. However, apart from the loss of peat-forming mires, no significant long-term change in depositional style (grain size, sediment-body architecture, or sediment dispersal direction) was noted across the end-Permian Extinction (pinpointed by turnover of the palaeoflora). There is no evidence for immediate aridification across the boundary despite a loss of coal from these successions. Rather, the end-Permian Extinction marks the base of a long-term, progressive trend towards better-drained alluvial conditions into the Early Triassic. Indeed, the floral turnover was immediately followed by a flooding event in basinal depocentres, following which fluvial systems similar to those active prior to the end-Permian Extinction were re-established. The age of the floral extinction is constrained to 252.54 AE 0.08 to 252.10 AE 0.06 Ma by a suite of new Chemical Abrasion Isotope Dilution Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry U-Pb ages on zircon grains. Another new age indicates that the return to 30

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Section: Facies Association H -Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Facies Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentology of the continental end‐Permian extinction event in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

et al. 2020

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“…The late Permian is the most crucial time interval for dramatic biodiversity and ecological changes in both the marine and terrestrial ecosystems during Earth's history (Erwin, 2006;Wignall, 2015). Our understanding of late Permian wildfire activity has been greatly increased in the last few years by extensive records of fossil charcoals (inertinites) from Australia (Glasspool, 2000;McLoughlin et al, 2019;Vajda et al, 2020), North China (Wang and Chen, 2001), Germany (Uhl and Kerp, 2003), Jordan (Uhl et al, 2007), the Canadian High Arctic (Grasby et al, 2011), South America (Jasper et al, 2011), South China (Shen et al, 2011Shao et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2016;Chu et al, 2020), India (Jasper et al, 2012;Jasper et al, 2016), Italy (Uhl et al, 2012), Russia (Hudspith et al, 2012), and the South Pole (Holdgate et al, 2005;Mays et al, 2020). Our material was obtained from the terrestrial Kayitou Formation, the age of which was recently tied to the Changhsingian by high-precision geochronological data Zhang et al, 2016;Shen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Paleoecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Permian Peltasperm Plant From Southwest China and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications

Feng

Wei

et al. 2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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A monospecific flora containing a peltasperm species, Germaropteris martinsii, is discovered from the uppermost Permian Kayitou Formation of Southwest China. The epidermal characteristics of G. martinsii from the South China Block are described for the first time on the basis of charcoalified specimens. The plant is characterized by small, leathery foliage with prominent papillate epidermal cells, and slightly sunken stomata. The stomatal apertures are covered by the long papillae of the surrounding subsidiary cells. The specific epidermal traits suggest that G. martinsii is a highly environmentally tolerant taxon that probably formed monospecific communities during the dramatic degradation of the peat-forming rainforest ecosystems. The frequent appearance of charcoalified leaves in the flora demonstrates that intense wildfires were prevalent at the time. The appearance and reflectance value (1.33%) of these charcoalified leaves reveal that they were formed at temperatures of 450-500°C during brief surface fires. Our study indicates that the terrestrial ecosystems may have been frequently subjected to desiccation and was vulnerable to the spread of fires as a result of the end-Permian biotic crisis in the tropics of the eastern Tethys region.

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“…Likewise, the large bark fragments that occur abundantly in some peat blocks are all anatomically similar. Such low diversity mire communities dominated by glossopterid trees and with an understory of moss and small-sized ferns, lycophytes and sphenophytes are documented extensively in Upper Permian high-latitude deposits (Cúneo et al 1993;Slater et al 2015;McLoughlin et al 2019;Mays et al 2020 and references in these papers). A recent analysis of two in situ glossopterid forests at Lamping Peak, about 100 km from Skaar Ridge ( Fig.…”

Section: Facilitation Between Glossopterid Trees and The High-latitudmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Permian nurse log and evidence for facilitation in high-latitudeGlossopterisforests

Decombeix

Durieux

Harper

et al. 2021

LET

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The biology of trees that grew in high-latitude forests during warmer geological periods is of major interest in understanding past and future ecosystem dynamics. As we study the different plants that composed these forests, it becomes possible to make comparisons with ecosystem processes that occur today. Here we describe a silicified late Permian (Lopingian) glossopterid (seed fern) trunk from Skaar Ridge, central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica, with evidence of glossopterid rootlets growing into its wood. The specimen is interpreted as a nurse log similar to those seen in some extant forests. Together with evidence of glossopterid roots growing within the lacunae of older roots, this new specimen suggests the existence of facilitative interactions among the glossopterid trees that dominated the high-latitude forests of Gondwana during the late Permian. More generally, the existence of self-facilitation might have favoured the expansion of glossopterids within various environments, especially those at high palaeolatitudes, during the Permian icehouse to greenhouse transition. □ Anatomy, Antarctica, fossil tree, Palaeozoic, Paleobotany.

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A New High-Paleolatitude Late Permian Permineralized Peat Flora from the Sydney Basin, Australia

Cited by 19 publications

References 81 publications

Sedimentology of the continental end‐Permian extinction event in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

Sedimentology of the continental end‐Permian extinction event in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

Latest Permian Peltasperm Plant From Southwest China and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications

A Permian nurse log and evidence for facilitation in high-latitudeGlossopterisforests

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