A New Hybrid Coupled Model of Atmosphere, Ocean Physics, and Ocean Biogeochemistry to Represent Biogeophysical Feedback Effects in the Tropical Pacific

Tian, Feng; Wang, Xiujun

doi:10.1029/2017ms001250

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For example, the amplitude of ENSO is decreased when biological feedback is included, whereas it can be increased in other studies (summarized in Park, Kug, & Park, ). On ENSO scale, it is demonstrated that large‐scale biophysical interactions acted to have a negative feedback on ENSO (Zhang et al, ). This is completely different from our current results, in which the Chl TIW effect acts to increase ENSO amplitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Supporting Information S1 atmosphere interaction (Gnanadesikan et al, 2010;Jochum et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2018;Lengaigne et al, 2007;Murtugudde et al, 2002;Nakamoto et al, 2001;Park, Kug, Seo, et al, 2014;Sweeney et al, 2005;Timmermann & Jin, 2002;Wetzel et al, 2006;). On interannual timescale, for example, Zhang et al (2018a) argued that interannual variability of chlorophyll can induce a negative feedback onto ENSO; that is, interannually varying chlorophyll effect acts to reduce ENSO amplitudes.…”

Section: 1029/2018gl081275mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modulation of penetrative solar radiation alters the stratification and vertical mixing in the upper ocean, which further modulates sea surface temperature (SST) and ENSO characteristics through ocean‐atmosphere interaction (Gnanadesikan et al, ; Jochum et al, ; Kim et al, ; Lengaigne et al, ; Murtugudde et al, ; Nakamoto et al, ; Park, Kug, Seo, et al, ; Sweeney et al, ; Timmermann & Jin, ; Wetzel et al, ; Zhang et al, ). On interannual timescale, for example, Zhang et al () argued that interannual variability of chlorophyll can induce a negative feedback onto ENSO; that is, interannually varying chlorophyll effect acts to reduce ENSO amplitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Positive Feedback Onto ENSO Due to Tropical Instability Wave (TIW)‐Induced Chlorophyll Effects in the Pacific

Tian

Wang

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Tropical instability waves (TIWs) induce large physical and biological perturbations, which have a feedback onto the tropical Pacific climate and ecosystem. However, the extent to which TIW‐induced chlorophyll perturbations (ChlTIW) can influence El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) remains unknown. Here we used a hybrid‐coupled model to investigate the ChlTIW effect on ENSO. Two experiments are conducted, one with the ChlTIW effect being represented in the control run (CTRL) and other with the ChlTIW effect being purposely excluded by filtering out ChlTIW signals (FILT). Results show that the amplitude of ENSO is increased by 27% in CTRL compared to FILT. ChlTIW tends to modulate the penetrative solar radiation in the upper ocean, acting to weaken the intensity of TIWs. Then, the weakened TIWs lead to a reduction in the equatorward meridional heat transport and consequently less warming effect on the cold tongue. Therefore, La Niña conditions tend to be intensified, and ENSO amplitude is increased.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1029/2018gl081275mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Positive Feedback Onto ENSO Due to Tropical Instability Wave (TIW)‐Induced Chlorophyll Effects in the Pacific

Tian

Wang

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Previous studies documented basic performances of the coupled ocean physics‐biogeochemistry model, which shown that the model could well simulate mean state, seasonal cycle, and interannual variability in the physical and biological fields (Tian et al, ; Wang et al, , ; Zhang et al, ). Figure shows the response of chlorophyll to ENSO for the observations and model forced by observed and reanalysis atmospheric forcing.…”

Section: Overview Of the Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, how these processes interact with one another is an ongoing issue of debate. Particularly, ENSO can induce large variations in freshwater flux (FWF) at the sea surface and ocean chlorophyll, both of which can induce feedback onto ENSO (Huang et al, ; Maes et al, ; Murtugudde & Busalacchi, ; Timmermann, 2002; Vialard & Delecluse, ; Wu et al, ; Zhang, Busalacchi, et al, , Zhang et al, , Zhang et al, , Zhang et al, ; Zhang & Busalacchi, ; Zhi, Zhang, Lin, & Shi et al, ; Zhi, Zhang, Lin, & Yu, et al, ), but the interactions between these two processes remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on Ocean Biology Induced by El Niño‐Accompanied Positive Freshwater Flux Anomalies in the Tropical Pacific

Tian

Wang

2020

JGR Oceans

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The El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can induce large perturbations in freshwater flux (FWF, defined as precipitation minus evaporation) and ocean ecosystem in the tropical Pacific. However, how El Niño-induced FWF can affect the tropical Pacific ecosystem (e.g., chlorophyll) is still unknown. Here, a series of ocean-only experiments are performed using a coupled ocean-physical biogeochemistry model forced by prescribed climatological wind stress. Interannual FWF anomalies observed during the 1997-1998 El Niño event are imposed onto the ocean model in the tropical Pacific, and the related positive FWF anomalies are specified to be varying in its intensity, and the corresponding sensitivity experiments are performed to examine the ocean ecosystem response. In general, chlorophyll increases with the intensities of the El Niño-induced positive FWF anomalies at a certain strength but decreases when the positive FWF forcing is underrepresented (e.g., specified to be its half intensity). Additionally, chlorophyll in the eastern tropical Pacific keeps almost steady during the increasing stage of the El Niño-induced interannual FWF forcing and then rapidly increases after the peak stage of the FWF forcing. The phytoplankton budget and diagnostic analyses are conducted to understand the behavior of chlorophyll in response to varying intensities of FWF forcing. Chlorophyll response to varying intensities of FWF forcing depends on the iron concentration in the mixed layer, suggesting that the ocean ecosystem response may be shifted from one regime to another when FWF forcing reaches a certain intensity. These results offer insights into biophysical interactions and chlorophyll-induced feedback effects on ENSO.Plain Language Summary Chlorophyll is used to represent changes in phytoplankton biomass, and its variability is significantly modulated by multiscale physical processes. In the tropical Pacific, ENSO can induce large perturbations in freshwater flux (FWF) and ocean ecosystem. Given that FWF forcing affects sea surface salinity and buoyancy flux, it is reasonable to ask the following question: Can El Niño-induced FWF forcing affect the tropical Pacific ecosystem (e.g., phytoplankton and chlorophyll)? Here we examine the effect of FWF forcing on ocean biology using a coupled physics-biogeochemistry model, in which FWF forcing is explicitly represented with varying intensity. Results suggest that chlorophyll concentration in the eastern equatorial Pacific tends to increase in response to El Niño-accompanied positive FWF anomalies. However, a regime shift can occur when the FWF forcing intensity is underrepresented (e.g., specified to be its half intensity), with chlorophyll concentration tending to decrease instead. The behavior of chlorophyll in response to varying FWF forcing intensities is regulated by the iron concentration in the mixed layer, suggesting that the ocean ecosystem response may be shifted from one regime to another when FWF forcing reaches a certain intensity. These results offer insights into bi...

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Skilful two‐month‐leading hybrid climate prediction for winter temperature over China

Dai

Fan

2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Two skilful 2‐month‐leading hybrid downscaling prediction schemes in October for winter surface air temperature (SAT) over China are proposed in this paper. The schemes are based on the year‐to‐year increment approach and the coupled climate patterns between the winter SAT over China and its predictors. Observed North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) from the preceding July to September, Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) in the preceding August and winter sea level pressure (SLP) over pan Eurasia from version 2 of the Climate Forecast System (CFSv2) are selected as the predictors based on the fundamental physics. Individual‐predictor schemes (IP‐schemes), that is, SLP‐scheme, SST‐scheme, SIC‐scheme, indicate that these predictors exhibit prediction skills in different regions. Multi‐predictor scheme I (MP‐schemeI) is developed by combining three predictors. However, MP‐schemeI shows limited skill in predicting SAT over Northeast China (NECTA), due to the limited skill of CFSv2 over the extratropics. Thus, MP‐schemeII is established, in which a hybrid downscaling model for NECTA is constructed. These two MP‐schemes have comparable prediction skill over China, but MP‐schemeII outperforms MP‐schemeI over NEC. The temporal (spatial) anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) increases from 0.23 (0.15) in MP‐schemeI to 0.36 (0.21) in MP‐schemeII, and the ratio of the same sign of anomalous years (Anomalous‐RSS) improves from 39.1% to 56.5% over NEC. For the winter SAT over China, the MP‐schemes greatly enhance the prediction compared with CFSv2 outputs and the IP‐schemes. The temporal (spatial) ACC increases from 0.29 (0.05) in CFSv2 to 0.52 (0.29) in the MP‐schemes, and the station‐average root‐mean‐square error decreases by about 48.0% compared with CFSv2. Moreover, the RSS (Anomalous‐RSS) of the winter SAT over China is 55.9% (47.4%) in CFSv2 and 64.7% (63.2%) in the MP‐schemes. This indicates that the MP‐schemes perform better in predicting anomalous winters.

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A New Hybrid Coupled Model of Atmosphere, Ocean Physics, and Ocean Biogeochemistry to Represent Biogeophysical Feedback Effects in the Tropical Pacific

Cited by 31 publications

References 47 publications

A Positive Feedback Onto ENSO Due to Tropical Instability Wave (TIW)‐Induced Chlorophyll Effects in the Pacific

A Positive Feedback Onto ENSO Due to Tropical Instability Wave (TIW)‐Induced Chlorophyll Effects in the Pacific

Effects on Ocean Biology Induced by El Niño‐Accompanied Positive Freshwater Flux Anomalies in the Tropical Pacific

Skilful two‐month‐leading hybrid climate prediction for winter temperature over China

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