A new insight into the adsorption mechanism of patulin by the heat-inactive lactic acid bacteria cells

Screening of Bifidobacterium strains to bind with Benzo[a]pyrene under food stress factors and the mechanism of the process

“…Although SDS denature the protein, in the present study, this effect was not significant as the binding of B[a]p by three strains was less affected. It was reported that hydrophobic interaction was significant in the binding of toxins by microorganism cells (Guo, Zheng, Chen, Zhang, & Xu, ; Lili, Hongfei, et al, ; Wang et al, ). The mechanism behind the reduction in B[a]p binding was the denaturation of protein and the exposure of more hydrophobic surfaces.…”

“…These exposed hydrophobic surfaces did not favor the B[a]p binding as B[a]p is a strong hydrophobic compound. This suggested that hydrophobic interactions had a role in the binding process (Hani Elnezami et al, ; Wang et al, ). B[a]p binding was still taking place although protein moieties were denatured, it concluded that only protein moieties were not responsible for binding.…”

Effect of probiotics on patulin removal from synbiotic apple juice

“…Fuchs et al reported that viable bacteria bind PAT more efficiently in comparison to heat treated cells, which can indicate metabolic conversion of toxins by the release of specific enzymes. Conversely, Wang et al reported that the heat‐inactivated LAB cells, which had higher specific surface area and surface hydrophobicity, were more likely to have a higher capacity to absorb PAT from the aqueous solution. Additionally, C&dbond;O, OH, and/or NH groups, which related to some protein and carbohydrate components, were obviously involved in the adsorption of PAT (see Fig.…”

“…After centrifugation in 9000× g for 5 min, the supernatant was analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) using 10% polyacrylamide gels. Protein bands were visualised by staining the gels with Coomassie brilliant blue . A low molecular weight marker from 10 to 100 kDa was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific Company (Waltham, MA, USA).…”

“…Consequently, the complex of bacteria–mycotoxin will rapidly pass through the gastrointestinal tract . Also, there are some reports indicating biodegradation of PAT by LAB into potentially less toxic compounds.…”