A New Leptoceratopsid (Ornithischia, Ceratopsia) with a Unique Ischium from the Upper Cretaceous of Shandong Province, China

He, Yiming; Makovicky, Peter J.; Wang, Kebai; Chen, Shuqing; Sullivan, Corwin; Han, Fenglu; Xu, Xing

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144148

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…(2008) branch smoothing algorithm for adjusting zero‐length branches leads to very deep branches subtending each species of protoceratopsid (~20 million years) and also Liaoceratops (>10 million years). Ongoing studies on basal neoceratopsian diversity (He et al., 2015; Morshhauser, You, Li, & Dodson, 2019) and ages and correlations of Asian Late Cretaceous red beds (Dashzeveg et al, 2005; Fanti, Currie, & Badamgarav, 2012) suggest that turnover among protoceratopsids may have occurred more rapidly within the Campano‐Maastrichtian (Makovicky, 2008). We therefore also generated ancestral ontogenetic vectors from optimizations on a tree in which branches without implied ghost lineage durations were corrected in Mesquite by addition of 1 million years, representing a punctuated model of evolution, to assess how sensitive resulting ontogenetic vectors are to branch lengths in the tree.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modularity and heterochrony in the evolution of the ceratopsian dinosaur frill

Prieto-Márquez

Garcia‐Porta

Joshi

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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The fossil record provides compelling examples of heterochrony at macroevolutionary scales such as the peramorphic giant antlers of the Irish elk. Heterochrony has also been invoked in the evolution of the distinctive cranial frill of ceratopsian dinosaurs such as Triceratops. Although ceratopsian frills vary in size, shape, and ornamentation, quantitative analyses that would allow for testing hypotheses of heterochrony are lacking. Here, we use geometric morphometrics to examine frill shape variation across ceratopsian diversity and within four species preserving growth series. We then test whether the frill constitutes an evolvable module both across and within species, and compare growth trajectories of taxa with ontogenetic growth series to identify heterochronic processes. Evolution of the ceratopsian frill consisted primarily of progressive expansion of its caudal and caudolateral margins, with morphospace occupation following taxonomic groups. Although taphonomic distortion represents a complicating factor, our data support modularity both across and within species. Peramorphosis played an important role in frill evolution, with acceleration operating early in neoceratopsian evolution followed by progenesis in later diverging cornosaurian ceratopsians. Peramorphic evolution of the ceratopsian frill may have been facilitated by the decoupling of this structure from the jaw musculature, an inference that predicts an expansion of morphospace occupation and higher evolutionary rates among ceratopsids as indeed borne out by our data. However, denser sampling of the meager record of early‐diverging taxa is required to test this further.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modularity and heterochrony in the evolution of the ceratopsian dinosaur frill

Prieto-Márquez

Garcia‐Porta

Joshi

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…8). Despite their stratigraphic and geographic proximity, Leptoceratops and Montanoceratops are not recovered as close relatives in recent phylogenetic analyses in this analysis or by He et al (2015) and preceding versions of that matrix.…”

Section: Results Of the Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The phylogenetic analysis of the He et al (2015) modified matrix recovered most parsimonious trees, each with a tree length of 328, a consistency index of 0.60, a retention index of 0.80, and a best tree-bisection reconnection score of 326 (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Results Of the Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leptoceratopsids are known from the Santonian through Maastrichtian of Laramidia (Ryan et al 2012), and the Campanian-Maastrichtian of Mongolia and China (He et al 2015); fragmentary putative leptoceratopsids have also been reported from the Cenomanian of Uzbekistan (Nessov et al 1989), the ?Coniacian-Santonian of Belgium (Godefroit et al 2007, Longrich 2016, the Campanian of North Carolina (Longrich 2016), and the Campanian of Sweden (Lindgren et al 2007). Park Formation (Chinnery 2004, Chinnery and Horner 2007, Ryan et al 2012.…”

Section: Stratigraphic and Palaeobiogeographic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peer Review #1 of "A new leptoceratopsid dinosaur from Maastrichtian-aged deposits of the Sustut Basin, northern British Columbia, Canada (v0.1)"

Farke¹

2019

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previously described as an indeterminate neornithischian, is here reinterpreted as a leptoceratopsid ceratopsian, Ferrisaurus sustutensis, gen. et. sp. nov. The skeleton includes parts of the pectoral girdles, left forelimb, left hindlimb, and right pes. It can be distinguished from other named leptoceratopsids based on the proportions of the ulna and pedal phalanges. This is the first unique dinosaur species reported from British Columbia, and can be placed within a reasonably resolved phylogenetic context, with Ferrisaurus recovered as more closely related to Leptoceratops than Montanoceratops. At 68.2 to 67.2 Ma in age, Ferrisaurus falls between, and slightly overlaps with, both Montanoceratops and Leptoceratops, and represents a western range extension for Laramidian leptoceratopsids.

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“… Simplified cladograms showing interrelationships within: ( A ) Dinosauria plus Silesauridae, ( B ) Ornithischia, and ( C ) Maniraptoriformes. Phylogenetic topology and nomenclature reflect an informal consensus synthesized from various sources, including Carrano and Sampson (), Wilson and Upchurch (), Martinez et al (), Carrano et al (), Han et al (), Choiniere et al (), Foth et al (), McPhee et al (), Boyd (), He et al () and Norman ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Diversity and Evolution of the Jugal in Dinosaurs

Sullivan

2016

The Anatomical Record

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In dinosaurs, as in other reptiles, the homologue of the mammalian zygomatic bone is the jugal. The dinosaurian jugal was primitively triradiate, with posterior, dorsal and anterior processes that respectively contacted the quadratojugal, the postorbital, and the maxilla and lacrimal. However, the jugal evolved along different lines in the three major dinosaurian clades. In theropods this cranial element remained relatively conservative in morphology, apart from being reduced to a rod-like structure in most birds and a few non-avians. In sauropodomorphs the jugal eventually became small, plate-like and nearly restricted to the area below the orbit, even being excluded from the ventral margin of the skull in many derived taxa. Among ornithischians the jugal was highly variable, but in many cases became large and/or adorned with ornamental features such as horns, flanges, and rugosities. The jugal does not appear to have been a site of muscle attachment in most non-avian dinosaurs, but represented an important structural element in the akinetic dinosaurian skull. The conspicuous jugal ornaments seen in many ornithischian dinosaurs, like the less striking ones documented in some saurischians, may have played an important role in the social behavior of the species that possessed them. In many cases they have a weapon-like aspect suggesting use in aggressive displays, if not actual combat, adding to the evidence that agonistic behavior was likely widespread among ornithischians in particular. Anat Rec,

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A New Leptoceratopsid (Ornithischia, Ceratopsia) with a Unique Ischium from the Upper Cretaceous of Shandong Province, China

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Modularity and heterochrony in the evolution of the ceratopsian dinosaur frill

Modularity and heterochrony in the evolution of the ceratopsian dinosaur frill

Peer Review #1 of "A new leptoceratopsid dinosaur from Maastrichtian-aged deposits of the Sustut Basin, northern British Columbia, Canada (v0.1)"

Morphological Diversity and Evolution of the Jugal in Dinosaurs

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