A new liquid chromatography method with charge aerosol detector (CAD) for the determination of phospholipid classes. Application to milk phospholipids

Comparison of dairy phospholipid preparative extraction protocols in combination with analysis by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a charged aerosol detector

“…For example, in buttermilk analysed using the optimised method, the values for PI and PS are 9.63 ± 0.08% and 10.10 ± 0.02% as a % of total PL, respectively, which is an increase of between 2% and 7% compared with published data (Avalli et al, 2005;Le et al, 2011;Rombaut et al, 2005). This increase in PL recovery is attributed to both the F2 extraction method and also the detection sensitivity and precision offered by the CAD (Contarini et al, 2013;Hazotte et al, 2007;Kielbowicz et al, 2013;Ramos et al, 2008). An overlay of the chromatograms representing milk, buttermilk and butter serum is shown in Fig.…”

“…Phospholipids (PLs) are a class of complex polar lipids with an inherent amphiphilic nature due to the presence of a hydrophobic fatty acid tail and a hydrophilic head (Contarini & Povolo, 2013;Donato et al, 2011;Kielbowicz, Micek, & Wawrzenczyk, 2013;Rombaut, van Camp, & Dewettinck, 2006). PLs are subdivided into glycerophospholipids and sphingophospholipids (Avalli & Contarini, 2005;Contarini & Povolo, 2013;Donato et al, 2011;Kielbowicz et al, 2013;Rombaut, van Camp, & Dewettinck, 2005;.…”

“…PLs are subdivided into glycerophospholipids and sphingophospholipids (Avalli & Contarini, 2005;Contarini & Povolo, 2013;Donato et al, 2011;Kielbowicz et al, 2013;Rombaut, van Camp, & Dewettinck, 2005;. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) are the major glycerophospholipids, while phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI) represent the minor glycerophospholipids.…”

“…More recently, a detector based on charging aerosol particles by corona discharge, i.e., charged aerosol detector (CAD), has been introduced and proven to have greater sensitivity and better precision than that of the ELSD (Contarini et al, 2013;Hazotte, Libong, Matoga, & Chaminade, 2007;Kielbowicz et al, 2013;Ramos et al, 2008).…”

Determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids in water using liquid chromatography coupled to a corona-charged aerosol detector

“…The nature of ELSD response is polynomial and a sharp decrease in signal at lower concentrations. Corona charged aerosol detector (CAD) is a new type of detector introduced for HPLC applications, being first commercialized in 2004 [25][26][27][28][29]. The great advantage of this detector is that it can be used for a wide variety of non-volatile compounds which have no chromophores and cannot be analyzed with traditional instruments such as UV-vis or DAD devices.…”