A New Method for Estimating Race/Ethnicity and Associated Disparities Where Administrative Records Lack Self‐Reported Race/Ethnicity

Elliott, Marc N.; Fremont, Allen; Morrison, Peter A.; Pantoja, Philip; Lurie, Nicole

doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00854.x

Cited by 176 publications

(192 citation statements)

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“…Data on race or ethnic group were available for ∼80% of all members, and were imputed for the rest by using the Rand Bayesian Imputed Surname Geocoding algorithm. 14,17 For members with imputed values, we estimated the probability that of belonging to each of 6 racial and ethnic categories based on address and surname as of 2011.…”

Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effectiveness of Acellular Versus Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Teenagers

et al. 2013

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BACKGROUND: During the 1990s, the United States switched from combined diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccines to combined acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines because of safety concerns. After a 2010–2011 pertussis outbreak, we sought to evaluate whether disease risk in 10 to 17 year olds differed between those who previously received DTwP from those who received DTaP. METHODS: A case-control study among individuals born from 1994 to 1999 who received 4 pertussis-containing vaccines during the first 2 years of life at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC). We separately compared pertussis polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases with PCR-negative and KPNC-matched controls. We assessed risk of pertussis relative to vaccine type in early childhood (4 DTwPs, mixed DTwP/DTaP, or 4 DTaPs) by using conditional logistic regression stratified for calendar time and adjusted for gender, race, medical clinic, and receipt of reduced antigen content acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine. RESULTS: We compared 138 PCR-positive cases with 899 PCR-negative and 54 339 KPNC-matched controls. Teenagers who had received 4 DTwPs were much less likely to be pertussis PCR-positive than those who had received 4 DTaPs (odds ratio 5.63, 95% confidence interval 2.55–12.46) or mixed DTwP/DTaP vaccines (odds ratio 3.77, 95% confidence interval 1.57–9.07). Decreasing number of DTwP doses was significantly associated with increased pertussis risk (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Teenagers who received DTwP vaccines in childhood were more protected during a pertussis outbreak than were those who received DTaP vaccines.

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Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effectiveness of Acellular Versus Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Teenagers

et al. 2013

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“…To calculate P(R|S, L), we follow a well-developed health care literature and use Bayes' rule (Elliott et al 2008(Elliott et al , 2009Fiscella and Fremont 2006;Imai and Khanna 2016). 7 This approach provides us a "probabilistic prediction of individual [race or] ethnicity" (Imai and Khanna 2016: 265) for a given surname in a geographic area.…”

Section: Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Last Name Selection in Audit Studies

Crabtree¹,

Chykina²

2018

SocScience

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Abstract:In this article, we build on Gaddis (2017a) by illuminating a key variable plausibly related to racial perceptions of last names-geography. We show that the probability that any individual belongs to a race is conditional not only on their last name but also on surrounding racial demographics. Specifically, we demonstrate that the probability of a name denoting a race varies considerably across contexts, and this is more of a problem for some names than others. This result has two important implications for audit study research: it suggests important limitations for (1) the generalizability of audit study findings and (2) for the interpretation of geography-based conditional effects. This means that researchers should be careful to select names that consistently signal racial groups regardless of local demographics. We provide a slim R package that can help researchers do this.

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“…They can also be related to direct observations of ethnicity or closely related identities (religious affiliation, languages, names) for a sub-sample of the entire population (Abrahamse et al, 1994;International Crisis Group, 2003, pp. 6-7,15;Elliott et al, 2008;Mateos et al, 2011).…”

Section: A Two-stage Procedures For the Estimation Of The Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While they might help to infer the identity of individuals, the membership rate in religious communities, or the per capita consumption might vary between ethnic groups, and between municipalities: e.g., church membership might be more frequent for group A than B, and more frequent in rural than in urban municipalities. Even register data (marriage registers, death or birth registers) (Elliott et al, 2008;Mateos et al, 2011) only capture a sub-sample of the population, e.g. newly married couples, rather than the entire population, and the inclusion into this sub-sample varies between groups and municipalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, studies infer identities from the distribution of names in the population (Harris, 2015;International Crisis Group, 2003, pp. 6-7,15;Elliott et al, 2008;Mateos et al, 2011). Other useful indicators can include membership in religious communities (Susewind, forthcoming), relationship to kin communities, or the consumption of goods and services, which are typical for different ethnic communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Indirect Approach to Map Ethnic Identities in Post-conflict Societies

Bochsler

Schläpfer

2015

Ethnopolitics

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Ethnicity remains one of the most salient layers of individuals' social identities, and information about the distribution of ethnic identities turns out to be crucial for many studies that investigate political or social processes in divided societies. In the aftermath of civil wars, however, censuses providing such data are controversial and often delayed. Where census data are lacking, researchers can make use of the multiplier method to infer the distribution of ethnic identities based on indirect observations from sub-samples of the population. However, due to the selective nature of their data, the sub-samples might not be representative of the population. This paper proposes a method, which corrects for such selection effects. Based on the ethnic identity of birth-giving parents, the authors estimate the distribution of ethnic identities in the municipalities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina for 2008-2010. They correct for possible selection biases by including economic, demographic and war-related variables. Multiple tests of validity show that this estimation appears to be the most accurate procedure currently available for the distribution of ethnic identities in municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ethnicity remains one of the most salient layers of individuals' social identities, and information about the distribution of ethnic identities turns out to be crucial for many studies that investigate political or social processes in divided societies. In the aftermath of civil wars, however, censuses providing such data are controversial and often delayed. Where census data is lacking, researchers can make use of the multiplier method to infer the distribution of ethnic identities based on indirect observations from sub-samples of the population. However, due to the selective nature of their data, the sub-samples might not be representative of the population. This paper proposes a method, which corrects for such selection effects. Based on the ethnic identity of birth-giving parents, we estimate the distribution of ethnic identities in the municipalities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina for 2008-10. We correct for possible selection biases by including economic, demographic and war related variables. Multiple tests of validity show that our estimation appears to be the most accurate procedure currently available for the distribution of ethnic identities in municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. An indirect approach to map ethnic identities in post-conflict societies

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A New Method for Estimating Race/Ethnicity and Associated Disparities Where Administrative Records Lack Self‐Reported Race/Ethnicity

Cited by 176 publications

References 5 publications

Comparative Effectiveness of Acellular Versus Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Teenagers

Comparative Effectiveness of Acellular Versus Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Teenagers

Last Name Selection in Audit Studies

An Indirect Approach to Map Ethnic Identities in Post-conflict Societies

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