“…Due to their superior physical, thermal, and chemical durability to organic solvents and acid-base corrosion, inorganic NF membranes are considered an advanced substitute for polymeric membranes [ 13 ]. α-Al 2 O 3 has attracted a lot of interest in the context of the NF process as support for various other oxides [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In this area of interest, the top layers of α-Al 2 O 3 supports for separation applications are frequently composed of γ-Al 2 O 3 [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], TiO 2 [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], GO [ 23 , 24 ], and so on [ 25 ].…”