A new method for quantitative grip strength evaluation

Riezen, H. van; Boersma, Liesbeth

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(69)90197-6

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Righting responses were recorded on video, and the time required for righting reflex was calculated. The grip strength was measured according to the procedure described by van Riezen and Boersma (1969), using similar equipment. Footprint analysis was carried out as described by Aiba et al (1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Discoordination Results from Combined Gene Disruption of the NMDA Receptor NR2A and NR2C Subunits, But Not from Single Disruption of the NR2A or NR2C Subunit

Kadotani¹,

Hirano

Masugi³

et al. 1996

J. Neurosci.

174

129

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NMDA receptors consist of two distinct classes of subunits. The NR1 subunit possesses all properties of the NMDA receptor-channel complex, whereas four NR2 subunits (NR2A-2D) potentiate and differentiate NMDA receptor responses by heteromeric assemblies with NR1. The mRNAs for the five NMDA receptor subunits are expressed in the cerebellum in a distinct temporospatial manner. To study functions of the NMDA receptors in the cerebellum, we generated knockout mice deficient in either NR2A or NR2C or both of these subunits. All three mutant mice developed normally and showed normal overall morphology of the cerebellum. The NMDA receptor-mediated components of EPSCs in granule cells, as assessed by whole-cell recordings of cerebellar slices, were reduced in NR2A- and NR2C-deficient mice and nearly abolished in mice lacking both NR2A and NR2C. The NR2A- and NR2C-deficient granule cells were different in the current-voltage relationship and time course of NMDA receptor responses. The NR2A and NR2C subunits thus contribute to distinct NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory transmission in mossy fiber-granule cell synapses in the mature cerebellum. Both NR2A- and NR2C-deficient mice showed no impaired movements in the motor coordination tasks tested. The mutant mice deficient in both NR2A and NR2C could also manage simple coordinated tasks, such as staying on a stationary or a slowly rotating rod, but failed more challenging tasks such as staying on a quickly rotating rod. These data demonstrate that the NMDA receptors play an active role in motor coordination.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Discoordination Results from Combined Gene Disruption of the NMDA Receptor NR2A and NR2C Subunits, But Not from Single Disruption of the NR2A or NR2C Subunit

Kadotani¹,

Hirano

Masugi³

et al. 1996

J. Neurosci.

174

129

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“…In order to check for possible changes in neuromuscular function, we measured the tension force of limbs using the commercial grip strength meter (Insight®, Brazil), before the treatment (s.c.) of tumor-free animals with vehicle or CARV (12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg) and 30, 60 and 120 min after treatment (Van Riezen and Boersma, 1969).…”

Section: Measurement Of Forelimb Grip Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the involvement of descending pain-inhibitory mechanisms in the attenuation of cancer pain by carvacrol aided through a docking study

et al. 2014

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“…This test as described by VAN RIEZEN and BOERSMA (1969) is based on the ability of the mouse to grip a horizontal bar with its forepaws when pulled backwards by the tail; a system of weights and counterweights measures the force exerted on the bar. Using this method SOUBRIE and SIMON (1978) found that diazepam, at 2 mg· kg-" caused a marked decrease in the grip strength.…”

Section: Grip Strength Testmentioning

confidence: 99%