A New Method for the Separation of Different Types of Nematocysts from Scyphozoa and Investigation of Proteinaceous Toxins Utilizing Laser Catapulting and Subsequent Mass Spectrometry

Wiebring, Annika; Helmholz, Heike; Sötje, Ilka; Lassen, Stephan; Prange, Andreas; Tiemann, Henry

doi:10.1007/s10126-010-9261-7

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Two types of nematocysts were identified and corresponded to those previously reported [29,30]. Manual homogenization using a hand-held Teflon pestle and mortar was the most suitable technique for maximum nematocyst discharge (>80%) in comparison to methods like sonication or bead mill homogenization that caused massive rupture of capsules or complete destruction of the organelles.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Preliminary Results of the in Vivo and in Vitro Characterization of a Tentacle Venom Fraction from the Jellyfish Aurelia aurita

Ponce

López‐Vera

Aguilar

et al. 2013

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neurotoxic effects produced by a tentacle venom extract and a fraction were analyzed and correlated by in vivo and in vitro approaches. The tentacle venom extract exhibited a wide range of protein components (from 24 to >225 kDa) and produced tetanic reactions, flaccid paralysis, and death when injected into crabs. Two chromatography fractions also produced uncontrolled appendix movements and leg stretching. Further electrophysiological characterization demonstrated that one of these fractions potently inhibited ACh-elicited currents mediated by both vertebrate fetal and adult muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) subtypes. Receptor inhibition was concentration-dependent and completely reversible. The calculated IC50 values were 1.77 μg/μL for fetal and 2.28 μg/μL for adult muscle nAChRs. The bioactive fraction was composed of a major protein component at ~90 kDa and lacked phospholipase A activity. This work represents the first insight into the interaction of jellyfish venom components and muscle nicotinic receptors.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Preliminary Results of the in Vivo and in Vitro Characterization of a Tentacle Venom Fraction from the Jellyfish Aurelia aurita

Ponce

López‐Vera

Aguilar

et al. 2013

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Microlaser Technologies GmbH, subsidiary company of Carl Zeiss MicroImaging GmbH, Bernried, Germany) as follows: 1.2 ll of the nematocyst suspension was pipetted onto a covered microscope slide (PALM Ò MembraneSlide) with a UV lightabsorbing membrane, and 0.4 ll of an octyl-b-Dglucopyranoside solution (1%, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was added in order to lower the surface tension of the sample. Nematocysts were catapulted vertically upward with a single laser shot and collected in a drop of distilled water, which had been placed in the lid of an Eppendorf tube (Wiebring et al, 2010). This method was most effective for the large nematocysts chosen.…”

Section: Lmpc and Protein Contents Of Different Nematocyst Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to examine the protein contents of the discrete nematocyst types, they first were separated by the LMPC method described in Wiebring et al (2010). The separation of different types of nematocysts from the nematocyst suspension was conducted with a PALM Ò MicroBeam (P.A.L.M.…”

Section: Lmpc and Protein Contents Of Different Nematocyst Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and analysis of different types of nematocysts from Cyanea capillata (L.) medusae

Wiebring

Helmholz²,

Lassen³

et al. 2010

Hydrobiologia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Medusae play an important role in marine ecosystems, as competitors of many invertebrate and fish species. Additionally, jellyfish stings can cause severe pain, inflammation of the affected skin, and allergic reactions in human. Climate and environmental changes are likely to affect the medusae, but it is not yet clear whether these will affect their distribution, physiology, and their toxicity. Very little is known about the effect of biotic and abiotic factors on the proliferation and the distribution of medusan nematocysts. In this study, we compared three types of nematocysts (euryteles and A-and O-isorhizas) and venoms of Cyanea capillata medusae (Scyphozoa) obtained from the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, which have different salinity and temperature ranges. Different types of nematocysts were separated by laser microdissection and pressure catapulting (LMPC), and the proteinaceous contents of the nematocysts were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Medusae from the brackish Baltic Sea possessed more euryteles than those from the North Sea. The O-isorhizas and A-isorhizas were smaller in the Baltic Sea sample compared to the North Sea samples and the length-to-width ratios were larger in the Baltic Sea sample. Moreover, the pattern of proteins (potential toxins) obtained from the separated nematocysts showed differences among samples and nematocyst types, but no clear pattern was observable. This study displays the novel LMPC/MALDI-TOF MS approach as a useful tool to investigate the function and venom of cnidarian nematocysts types.

show abstract

“…Hydra now provide an excellent platform with which to study the adaptation of venom to specific ecological roles, although efficient methods must first be developed to separate nematocysts into different types to enable functional analyses of the venom (e.g. Wiebring et al, 2010).…”

Section: How Does Hydra Deliver Toxins To Its Target?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What Hydra can teach us about chemical ecology how a simple, soft organism survives in a hostile aqueous environment

Rachamim

Sher

2012

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydra and its fellow cnidarians -sea anemones, corals and jellyfish -are simple, mostly sessile animals that depend on bioactive chemicals for survival. In this review, we briefly describe what is known about the chemical armament of Hydra, and detail future research directions where Hydra can help illuminate major questions in chemical ecology, pharmacology, developmental biology and evolution. Focusing on two groups of putative toxins from Hydra -phospholipase A2s and proteins containing ShK and zinc metalloprotease domains, we ask: how do different venom components act together during prey paralysis? How is a venom arsenal created and how does it evolve? How is the chemical arsenal delivered to its target? To what extent does a chemical and biotic coupling exist between an organism and its environment? We propose a model whereby in Hydra and other cnidarians, bioactive compounds are secreted both as localized point sources (nematocyte discharges) and across extensive body surfaces, likely combining to create complex "chemical landscapes". We speculate that these cnidarian-derived chemical landscapes may affect the surrounding community on scales from microns to, in the case of coral reefs, hundreds of kilometers.

show abstract

A New Method for the Separation of Different Types of Nematocysts from Scyphozoa and Investigation of Proteinaceous Toxins Utilizing Laser Catapulting and Subsequent Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Preliminary Results of the in Vivo and in Vitro Characterization of a Tentacle Venom Fraction from the Jellyfish Aurelia aurita

Preliminary Results of the in Vivo and in Vitro Characterization of a Tentacle Venom Fraction from the Jellyfish Aurelia aurita

Separation and analysis of different types of nematocysts from Cyanea capillata (L.) medusae

What Hydra can teach us about chemical ecology how a simple, soft organism survives in a hostile aqueous environment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About