A new method of calculating auditory excitation patterns and loudness for steady sounds

Chen, Zhangli; Hu, Guangshu; Glasberg, Brian R.; Moore, Brian C. J.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2011.08.001

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Although there were some individual differences in the on-frequency masker data functions, one commonality is that masked gap detection thresholds closely resembled thresholds in quiet for the 45 and 55 dB SPL levels; masking effects were observed at or above 65 dB SPL. In order to relate this finding to the off-frequency masking results we computed the target-to-masker ratio in excitation, using the nonlinear excitation model of Chen et al (2011). We first determined the excitation patterns for the 55-dB-SPL on-frequency masker alone and then again for the gap marker (the target) plus masker.…”

Section: B Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of noise fluctuation and spectral bandwidth on gap detection

Hall

Buss

Ozmeral

et al. 2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Experiment 1 investigated gap detection for random and low-fluctuation noise (LFN) markers as a function of bandwidth (25-1600 Hz), level [40 or 75 dB sound pressure level (SPL)], and center frequency (500-4000 Hz). Gap thresholds for random noise improved as bandwidth increased from 25 to 1600 Hz, but there were only minor effects related to center frequency and level. For narrow bandwidths, thresholds were lower for LFN than random markers; this difference extended to higher bandwidths at the higher center frequencies and was particularly large at high stimulus level. Effects of frequency and level were broadly consistent with the idea that peripheral filtering can increase fluctuation in the encoded LFN stimulus. Experiment 2 tested gap detection for 200-Hzwide noise bands centered on 2000 Hz, using high-pass maskers to examine spread of excitation effects. Such effects were absent or minor for random noise markers and the 40-dB-SPL LFN markers. In contrast, some high-pass maskers substantially worsened performance for the 75-dB-SPL LFN markers. These results were consistent with an interpretation that relatively acute gap detection for the high-level LFN gap markers resulted from spread of excitation to higherfrequency auditory filters where the magnitude and phase characteristics of the LFN stimuli are better preserved.

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Section: B Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of noise fluctuation and spectral bandwidth on gap detection

Hall

Buss

Ozmeral

et al. 2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This would also contribute noise to the assessment of perceptual weights because changes in the effective level of any given component would be altered by the changes in level of adjacent components. To test this, a second set of weights predicted by the model was obtained by using a version of the model developed by Chen et al (2011) to estimate the "excitation" in dB for the auditory filter centered on each component, for every trial each listener received. The model of Chen et al (2011) provides direct access to the estimated excitation pattern but is similar to the model of Moore and Glasberg (2004) in other respects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To test this, a second set of weights predicted by the model was obtained by using a version of the model developed by Chen et al (2011) to estimate the "excitation" in dB for the auditory filter centered on each component, for every trial each listener received. The model of Chen et al (2011) provides direct access to the estimated excitation pattern but is similar to the model of Moore and Glasberg (2004) in other respects. Weights were then obtained by using the difference between the excitation value for each component between interval 2 and interval 1to predict the difference in overall loudness estimated by the model for the two intervals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of relative and absolute frequency in the spectral weighting of loudness

Joshi

Wróblewski

Schmid

et al. 2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The loudness of broadband sound is often modeled as a linear sum of specific loudness across frequency bands. In contrast, recent studies using molecular psychophysical methods suggest that low and high frequency components contribute more to the overall loudness than mid frequencies. In a series of experiments, the contribution of individual components to the overall loudness of a tone complex was assessed using the molecular psychophysical method as well as a loudness matching task. The stimuli were two spectrally overlapping ten-tone complexes with two equivalent rectangular bandwidth spacing between the tones, making it possible to separate effects of relative and absolute frequency. The lowest frequency components of the "low-frequency" and the "high-frequency" complexes were 208 and 808 Hz, respectively. Perceptual-weights data showed emphasis on lowest and highest frequencies of both the complexes, suggesting spectraledge related effects. Loudness matching data in the same listeners confirmed the greater contribution of low and high frequency components to the overall loudness of the ten-tone complexes. Masked detection thresholds of the individual components within the tone complex were not correlated with perceptual weights. The results show that perceptual weights provide reliable behavioral correlates of relative contributions of the individual frequency components to overall loudness of broadband sounds.

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“…Perceptual loudness is not simply related to physiological spike rate, even in the auditory nerve (Relkin and Doucet 1997), and at more central stations factors such as adaptation can influence the neuronal representation of sound level (Dean et al 2005). Though it is a subject of ongoing investigation (Chen et al 2011), the relationship of perceptual loudness to physiological measures is unknown. Consequently, instead of attempting to balance loudness in our studies of anesthetized animals, we compared the selectivity of stimuli by using levels that produced similar peak spike rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monopolar Intracochlear Pulse Trains Selectively Activate the Inferior Colliculus

Schoenecker

Bonham

Stakhovskaya

et al. 2012

JARO

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Previous cochlear implant studies using isolated electrical stimulus pulses in animal models have reported that intracochlear monopolar stimulus configurations elicit broad extents of neuronal activation within the central auditory system-much broader than the activation patterns produced by bipolar electrode pairs or acoustic tones. However, psychophysical and speech reception studies that use sustained pulse trains do not show clear performance differences for monopolar versus bipolar configurations. To test whether monopolar intracochlear stimulation can produce selective activation of the inferior colliculus, we measured activation widths along the tonotopic axis of the inferior colliculus for acoustic tones and 1,000-pulse/s electrical pulse trains in guinea pigs and cats. Electrical pulse trains were presented using an array of 6-12 stimulating electrodes distributed longitudinally on a space-filling silicone carrier positioned in the scala tympani of the cochlea. We found that for monopolar, bipolar, and acoustic stimuli, activation widths were significantly narrower for sustained responses than for the transient response to the stimulus onset. Furthermore, monopolar and bipolar stimuli elicited similar activation widths when compared at stimulus levels that produced similar peak spike rates. Surprisingly, we found that in guinea pigs, monopolar and bipolar stimuli produced narrower sustained activation than 60 dB sound pressure level acoustic tones when compared at stimulus levels that produced similar peak spike rates. Therefore, we conclude that intracochlear electrical stimulation using monopolar pulse trains can produce activation patterns that are at least as selective as bipolar or acoustic stimulation.

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A new method of calculating auditory excitation patterns and loudness for steady sounds

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

The effect of noise fluctuation and spectral bandwidth on gap detection

The effect of noise fluctuation and spectral bandwidth on gap detection

Effects of relative and absolute frequency in the spectral weighting of loudness

Monopolar Intracochlear Pulse Trains Selectively Activate the Inferior Colliculus

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