A new microbiological approach to the assessment of underarm deodorants

Fearnley, C.; Cox, A. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1983.tb00331.x

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Due to non-enzymatic hydrolysis of GML in soap, the activity dropped to the level of free acid (Table I). Antimicrobial activity of lauric acid, which is abundant in coconut and palm kernel lipids, is well documented (1). On the other hand, esters such as terpineyl laurate (tY2, 16 h) and menthyl laurate (tV2, 18 h) were more stable to lipolysis and alkaline pH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normal microflora carried on skin appear to be benign but given favourable conditions, they are capable of causing infections. The substrates for growth and sustenance of skin microflora are derived mainly from the constituents of sweat (lipids, peptides, amines and fatty acids) and their products include odoriferous compounds leading to axillary body malodours (1,2). Antimicrobial agents have generally been used in the cosmetic industry to control body malodours, but many of these agents, particularly halogenated compounds (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial properties of soap containing some fatty acid esters

Pandey¹,

Natraj²,

Kalle³

et al. 1985

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Synopsis Chemical microbial inhibitors compatible with formulations of soaps and deodorant perfumes are more effective if they are substantive to the skin. However, highly effective inhibitors are toxic and their substantivity on skin may accentuate the toxicity. Natural compounds such as short to medium chain fatty acids and their derivatives, which are known to be germicidal, offer a viable alternative to chemical inhibitors. We report here the synthesis of sodium 2-lauroyloxy propionate and an in vivo method to test its substantivity on skin following its incorporation in soaps. Among several compounds tested, sodium 2-lauroyloxy propionate was found to be highly substantive in soap formulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial properties of soap containing some fatty acid esters

Pandey¹,

Natraj²,

Kalle³

et al. 1985

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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show abstract

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that unwashed axillae consist of a fairly constant microbial population over three days, varying from 4.9 x 10 4 to 5.9 x 10 bacteria/cm skin 2 . When the axillae are washed with soap, the microbial count is initially reduced, but the intermediate counts each day show a buildup, with the axillary population increasing up to the unwashed level by the end of the day (Fearnley and Cox, 1983). The same tendency is evident following three days application of an ethanol-based aerosol spray, although the initial reduction in microbial count is much greater, presumably due to the intrinsic antibacterial action of the alcohol itself (Ashley, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Deordorant on Microflora of the Armpit of Uniben Female Students

Ogbebor

2021

AJHSE

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Deodorants are substances formulated for the purpose of eliminating armpit odor but not perspiration. They typically consist of alcohol. When applied, they make the skin acidic, preventing the proliferation of bacteria. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effects of deodorant on microflora of the armpit. The study lasted for one month which was divided into two phases; Phase one consist of two weeks without deodorant usage and phase two consist of two weeks of deodorant usage. Axillae swabs were collected from 20 female students of the University of Benin. Samples were cultured and incubated at 37 °C both aerobically and anaerobically for 24 - 48 hours on Chocolate, Blood and MacConkey agars. The brand of deodorant used was 'Bouquet Deodorant'. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done on nutrient agar using the disc diffusion method of Bauer and Kirby. The isolates identified consist of Staphylococcus albus which was the predominant organism and accounted for 52.4 % and 50 % of the bacteria isolates for the first and second weeks respectively. Other bacteria isolated include Staphylococcus aureus (42.9 % and 46.1 %) and Klebsiella spp. (4.7 % and 3.9 %) respectively for the successive two weeks. All the isolates showed some degree of susceptibility to impenem, gentamycin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, cloxacilin, amoxilillin and clavulanate. Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella showed some degree of susceptibility to cefuroxime while Staphylococcus albus was resistant. All the isolated showed some degree of susceptibility to ciprofloxicin while Staphylococcus aureus was resistant. The axillary microflora, predominantly Gram-positive cocci showed a sustained reduction during two weeks usage of deodorant and Gram-negative bacteria were, in general, eliminated.

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“…A variety of materials have been reported to aid in axillary odour control andlor reduce malodour perception [60].…”

Section: Deodorantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use of the Thran Spray Gun (TSG), has been documented [60,64]. Use of the Thran Spray Gun (TSG), has been documented [60,64].…”

Section: Deodorantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poucher’s Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps

2000

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A new microbiological approach to the assessment of underarm deodorants

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Antibacterial properties of soap containing some fatty acid esters

Antibacterial properties of soap containing some fatty acid esters

Effect of Deordorant on Microflora of the Armpit of Uniben Female Students

Poucher’s Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps

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