A new middle Eocene protocetid whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and associated biota from Georgia

Hulbert, Richard C.; Petkewich, Richard M.; Bishop, Gale A.; Bukry, David; Aleshire, David Patrick

doi:10.1017/s0022336000027232

Cited by 81 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This description aligns well with that of Carcharhinus isodon, and may explain why C. isodon was not recognized from Lee Creek by Purdy et al (2001) despite the fact that it is recognized as being present in Lee Creek (www.elasmo.com). Carcharhinus macloti has been reported from the Miocene of Peru (Lambert et al, 2010) and, tentatively, from the middle Eocene of Georgia (Hulbert et al, 1998). Mondal et al (2009) also reported C. macloti from the Miocene of India, however the specimen imaged in their publication does not seem definitive for C. macloti.…”

Section: Perez Et Al-miocene Sharks and Rays From Lago Bayano Panamamentioning

confidence: 98%

Late Miocene chondrichthyans from Lago Bayano, Panama: Functional diversity, environment and biogeography

et al. 2017

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Abstract.-This newly described chondrichthyan fauna from the late Miocene Chucunaque Formation of Lago Bayano reveals a prolific and highly diverse assemblage from Panama, and one of the richest shark faunas from the Neotropics. Strontium geochronology indicates an age of 10-9.5 Ma for the chonrichthyan-bearing strata. Field efforts resulted in 1429 identifiable specimens comprising at least 31 taxa, of which at least eight are new to the documented fossil record of Panama. With this information an analysis of functional diversity was conducted, indicating ecosystems dominated by generalist species feeding upon a wide range of organisms, from plankton to marine mammals. A probabilistic approach of paleobathymetric estimation suggests a neritic environment. Previous studies based on foraminifera have suggested that the Chucunaque Formation had a greater Pacific Ocean affinity, making this the first Miocene chondrichthyan fauna described from the Pacific shelf of Panama. However, our geographic comparisons show that this fauna has mixed Caribbean and Pacific biogeographic affinities, which likely supports the previously purported connection between chondrichthyan faunas during the late Miocene.

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Section: Perez Et Al-miocene Sharks and Rays From Lago Bayano Panamamentioning

confidence: 98%

Late Miocene chondrichthyans from Lago Bayano, Panama: Functional diversity, environment and biogeography

et al. 2017

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“…Denebola brachycephala: photos of UCR 21245 from Barnes (1984a) Georgiacetus vogtlensis: photos of GSM 350 from Hulbert et al (1998) Globicephala macrorhynchus: Skeleton of CBM. Miophocaena nishinoi: photos and illustrations of NMV 6 (skull and periotic) from .…”

Section: Orbitmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Oligo-Miocene dolphin from New Zealand: Otekaikea huata expands diversity of the early Platanistoide

Tanaka

Fordyce

2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

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The New Zealand fossil dolphin Otekaikea huata (latest Oligocene to earliest Miocene, in the range 22.28 to 24.61 Ma) is here identified as an early new species in the clade Platanistoidea, which includes the endangered Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica). Otekaikea huata is known only from the holotype, which comprises a partial skeleton from the marine Otekaike Limestone of the Hakataramea Valley, South Island. Otekaikea huata has multiple procumbent tusks passing back to otherwise near-homodont and polydont teeth, and an elevated face for the nasofacial muscles implicated in production of echolocation sounds. The skull vertex is asymmetrical and strongly left-skewed. Phylogenetic analyses based on morphological features place Otekaikea huata in the clade Platanistoidea. The new species adds to the diversity of the superfamily Platanistoidea near the Oligocene-Miocene boundary.

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“…Relatively little is known of early (i.e., Eocene) whale evolution in North America (Hulbert et al, 1998;Uhen, 1998Uhen, , 1999Uhen, , 2001Uhen, , 2008Geisler et al, 2005;McLeod and Barnes, 2008;Weems et al, 2011). A scattering of a few localities along the Gulf coast and eastern seaboard, from the states of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina (middle Eocene) in the south, to North Carolina and Virginia further north (middle Eocene) preserves the remains of protocetid whales, the oldest-known cetaceans in North America (Uhen, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Olfactory Anatomy in an Archaic Whale (Protocetidae, Cetacea) and the Minke Whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Balaenopteridae, Cetacea)

Godfrey

Geisler

Fitzgerald

2012

The Anatomical Record

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The structure of the olfactory apparatus is not well known in both archaic and extant whales; the result of poor preservation in most fossils and locational isolation deep within the skulls in both fossil and Recent taxa. Several specimens now shed additional light on the subject. A partial skull of an archaic cetacean is reported from the Pamunkey River, Virginia, USA. The specimen probably derives from the upper middle Eocene (Piney Point Formation) and is tentatively assigned to the Protocetidae. Uncrushed cranial cavities associated with the olfactory apparatus were devoid of sediment. CT scans clearly reveal the dorsal nasal meatus, ethmoturbinates within the olfactory recess, the cribriform plate, the area occupied by the olfactory bulbs, and the olfactory nerve tract. Several sectioned skulls of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) were also examined, and olfactory structures are remarkably similar to those observed in the fossil skull from the Pamunkey River. One important difference between the two is that the fossil specimen has an elongate olfactory nerve tract. The more forward position of the external nares in extant balaenopterids when compared with those of extant odontocetes is interpreted to be the result of the need to retain a functional olfactory apparatus and the forward position of the supraoccipital/ cranial vertex. An increase in the distance between the occipital condyles and the vertex in balaenopterids enhances the mechanical advantage of the epaxial musculature that inserts on the occiput, a specialization that likely stabilizes the head of these enormous mammals during lunge feeding. Anat Rec, 296:257-272,

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A new middle Eocene protocetid whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and associated biota from Georgia

Cited by 81 publications

References 18 publications

Late Miocene chondrichthyans from Lago Bayano, Panama: Functional diversity, environment and biogeography

Late Miocene chondrichthyans from Lago Bayano, Panama: Functional diversity, environment and biogeography

A new Oligo-Miocene dolphin from New Zealand: Otekaikea huata expands diversity of the early Platanistoide

On the Olfactory Anatomy in an Archaic Whale (Protocetidae, Cetacea) and the Minke Whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Balaenopteridae, Cetacea)

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