A new middle Miocene hegetotheriid (Notoungulata: Typotheria) and a phylogeny of the Hegetotheriidae

Croft, Darin A.; Anaya, Federico

doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[387:anmmhn]2.0.co;2

Cited by 52 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Phylogenetic analyses indicate the Hegetotheriinae as a paraphyletic group; the monophyletic subset of Miocene taxa obtained by some authors (Cifelli, 1993;Croft and Anaya, 2006) is not supported in a recent analysis (Kramarz and Paz, 2013). All Argentinean Paleogene 'hegetotheriines' have been referred to Prohegetotherium, a genus that occurs at La Cantera (Chubut), early Oligocene, and various Deseadan, late Oligocene, localities in Patagonia (Reguero and Prevosti, 2010); and also recognized in ?early Miocene beds at Divisadero Largo, Mendoza (L opez, 2002, 2010Reguero and Cerdeño, 2005;Cerdeño et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Even without adding the new species, the replication of the analysis using TNT, instead of PAUP (see Billet et al, 2009), did not provide the same result as that presented by Kramarz and Paz (2013). Therefore, for the purpose of our study, we chose to use the data matrix made by Croft and Anaya (2006) focused on hegetotheriids. Based on this, we added terminal units at the species level, including P. malalhuense, sp.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) assemblage from the late Oligocene of Mendoza, central-western Argentina

Cerdeño

Reguero

2015

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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This study describes new remains of Hegetotheriidae (Notoungulata), including a new species, from the Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Quebrada Fiera, Mendoza Province, Argentina. The assemblage is composed of four hegetotheriines, Prohegetotherium cf. P. sculptum, Prohegetotherium sp., Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi, and Prohegetotherium malalhuense, sp. nov., and the pachyrukhine Propachyrucos cf. P. simpsoni. The presence of Prosotherium cannot be totally discounted because lower molariforms are rather similar between the two pachyrukhine genera. The new species Prohegetotherium malalhuense, sp. nov., differs from all previously described hegetotheriines by having a lingually projecting, sharp parastyle and marked parastyle groove on the ectoloph of M2-3; talonid of m1-2 posterolabially projected; talonid of m3 with marked posterolabial groove; and the smaller size. Its phylogenetic affinities are not well resolved. Prohegetotherium is paraphyletic, with P. sculptum sister taxon to the remaining hegetotheres, and the new taxon more closely related to Hegetotherium mirabile than to P. schiaffinoi. The recognition of P. schiaffinoi and Prohegetotherium cf. P. sculptum emphasizes that the fauna from Quebrada Fiera shares elements with roughly contemporaneous Deseadan faunas from northern and southern latitudes, but important faunal particularities distinguish the region as well. The record of pachyrukhines at Quebrada Fiera more closely resembles Deseadan faunas in Patagonia than temporally correlative faunas from Bolivia and Uruguay, and indicates the presence of suitable habitats in mid-latitudes of Argentina for this hypselodont clade. Faunal affinities together with particular taxa from Quebrada Fiera appear to support a significant faunal provinciality in South America during the late Oligocene.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9DF1C9A9-92ED-4C50-BB5A-738D075E5F54

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) assemblage from the late Oligocene of Mendoza, central-western Argentina

Cerdeño

Reguero

2015

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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“…Quebrada Honda was later visited by a team from the University of Florida in 1978, who discovered a second, coeval site, Río Rosario, some 5 km from the first locality (MacFadden and Wolff, 1981). Although it is not possible to directly correlate the stratigraphy of Quebrada Honda and Río Rosario, the same mammal species have been collected at both localities; therefore, these sites are considered to represent a single fauna (MacFadden et al, 1990;Croft and Anaya, 2006;Croft, 2007). The Quebrada Honda mammal fauna is diverse, including at least 30 species of metatherians, xenarthrans, rodents, and endemic ungulates (see Croft, 2007, and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

Engelman

Croft

2014

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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ABSTRACT-The Sparassodonta (Mammalia, Metatheria) are a group of carnivorous mammals that dominated the macropredatory guild of South America during the Cenozoic. Here, we describe a new sparassodont based on a single specimen from the middle Miocene Quebrada Honda local fauna of southern Bolivia. This specimen (UF 27881) does not clearly correspond to any major sparassodont group (e.g., Hathliacynidae, Borhyaenidae, etc.) and represents a morphotype previously unknown among the Sparassodonta. UF 27881 is distinguished from other sparassodonts by its short, broad, borhyaenid-like rostrum and small size, among other features. However, we decline to coin a new name for UF 27881 due to the fragmentary nature of this specimen and the absence of most of its dentition. This specimen suggests that the appearance of the Sparassocynidae and several hypercarnivorous didelphid taxa (including Thylophorops, Thylatheridium, Lutreolina, and Hyperdidelphys) represent an evolutionary response to the decline in small, predatory sparassodont taxa during the late Cenozoic. This study documents new morphological diversity among the Sparassodonta and highlights the value of fossils from traditionally undersampled parts of South America.

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“…Previous analyses of notoun-gulate interrelationships have relied primarily on dental, external cranial and limited postcranial characters (e.g. Cifelli, 1993;Madden, 1997;Shockey, 1997;Cerdeño & Bond, 1998;Nasif et al 2000;Croft et al 2004;Flynn et al 2005;Croft & Anaya, 2006;Hitz et al 2006;Billet et al 2009;Billet, 2010Billet, , 2011Shockey et al 2012). Features of the skull interior have been sampled sparsely in previous analyses of notoungulates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of notoungulate (Placentalia, Mammalia) bony labyrinths and new phylogenetically informative inner ear characters

Macrini

Flynn

et al. 2013

Journal of Anatomy

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The phylogenetic relationships of notoungulates, an extinct group of predominantly South American herbivores, remain poorly resolved with respect to both other placental mammals and among one another. Most previous phylogenetic analyses of notoungulates have not included characters of the internal cranium, not least because few such features, including the bony labyrinth, have been described for members of the group. Here we describe the inner ears of the notoungulates Altitypotherium chucalensis (Mesotheriidae), Pachyrukhos moyani (Hegetotheriidae) and Cochilius sp. (Interatheriidae) based on reconstructions of bony labyrinths obtained from computed tomography imagery. Comparisons of the bony labyrinths of these taxa with the basally diverging notoungulate Notostylops murinus (Notostylopidae), an isolated petrosal from Itabora ı, Brazil, referred to Notoungulata, and six therian outgroups, yielded an inner ear character matrix of 25 potentially phylogenetically informative characters, 14 of them novel to this study. Two equivocally optimized character states potentially support a pairing of Mesotheriidae and Hegetotheriidae, whereas four others may be diagnostic of Notoungulata. Three additional characters are potentially informative for diagnosing more inclusive clades: one for crown Placentalia; another for a clade containing Kulbeckia, Zalambdalestes, and Placentalia; and a third for Eutheria (crown Placentalia plus stem taxa). Several other characters are apomorphic for at least one notoungulate in our study and are of potential interest for broader taxonomic sampling within Notoungulata to clarify currently enigmatic interrelationships. Measures of the semicircular canals were used to infer agility (e.g. capable of quick movements vs. lethargic movements) of these taxa. Agility scores calculated from these data generally corroborate interpretations based on postcranial remains of these or closely related species. We provide estimates of the lowfrequency hearing limits in notoungulates based on the ratio of radii of the apical and basal turns of the cochlea. These limits range from 15 Hz in Notostylops to 149 Hz in Pachyrukhos, values comparable to the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) when hearing in air, respectively.

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A new middle Miocene hegetotheriid (Notoungulata: Typotheria) and a phylogeny of the Hegetotheriidae

Cited by 52 publications

References 28 publications

The Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) assemblage from the late Oligocene of Mendoza, central-western Argentina

The Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) assemblage from the late Oligocene of Mendoza, central-western Argentina

A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

Comparative study of notoungulate (Placentalia, Mammalia) bony labyrinths and new phylogenetically informative inner ear characters

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