A new model of plastic ankle foot orthosis (FAFO (II)) against spastic foot and genu recurvatum

Ohsawa, Susumu; Ikeda, Sayaka; Tanaka, Seiichi; Takahashi, Tadashi; Takeuchi, Takahito; Utsunomiya, Masahiro; Ueno, R.; Ohkura, Mitsuhiro; Ito, Yatsuji; Katagi, Y.; Ueta, M; Hirano, Tomoya

doi:10.3109/03093649209164320

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The management of spastic drop-foot is the prescription of an AFO, which is designed to provide ankle stability during stance and adequate toe clearance during swing and to promote heel strike 15,16. In previous studies, cases with and without AFOs have been compared,18,19 while in some studies, different types of AFOs have been analyzed 20,21. Most of the studies performed thus far have focused on the kinematic study of the ankles22,23 or have evaluated the effectiveness of AFOs using a systematic approach 24.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Kinematic on Ankle and Knee Joint of Post-Stroke Elderly Patients by Wearing Newly Elastic Band-Type Ankle–Foot Orthosis in Gait</p>

Kim¹,

Won²

2019

CIA

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PurposeThe post-stroke elderly was increased caused by increasing stroke and advanced medical. However, ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs) can be uncomfortable for hemiplegic patients; therefore, the usability is not good. In this study, we analyzed ankle and knee joint angles in post-stroke elderly patients to assess the functional effectiveness (specifically prevention of back knee and drop-foot) of a new elastic band-type AFO (New Product: NP) during gait.Patients and methodsNine elderly post-stroke patients (eight males, one female; 55.7±8.4 years; 165.8±9.2 cm; 68.8±11.5 kg; five with right hemiplegia, four with left hemiplegia; onset period: 6.6 years) were selected for participation in this study. We captured gait motion using 12 cameras (MX-T20, Vicon, Inc., Oxford, UK) under three different conditions [wearing nothing (WI), using existing ordinary AFOs made from hard plastic material (EP), and using NP]. The angle variation and maximum–minimum angle of the lower body joints were analyzed during dorsi-plantar flexion of the ankle joint and flexion–extension of knee joint. A one-way ANOVA test for multiple comparisons was performed, followed by a Tukey’s b test to identify statistical significance, which was set at 0.005.ResultsRegarding the ankle joint, the maximum plantar flexion (drop-foot) value decreased with the NP, and the maximum dorsiflexion value increased. Regarding the knee joint, the maximum extension (back knee) value decreased, and the maximum flexion value increased (p < 0.005).ConclusionUsing analysis of the kinematics of the ankles and knees during walking, this research confirmed the effectiveness of the NP, an elastic band-type AFO, for use in ordinary post-stroke elderly patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Kinematic on Ankle and Knee Joint of Post-Stroke Elderly Patients by Wearing Newly Elastic Band-Type Ankle–Foot Orthosis in Gait</p>

Kim¹,

Won²

2019

CIA

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“…Ohsawa S et al [21] The effect of FAFO (Foot AFO) was tested in this research. Of 39 patients 23 had genu-recurvatum mostly due to CVA.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study done by Ohsawa et al, it was shown that walking speed of stroke subjects improved following the use of AFO. Moreover, Genu-recurvatum was modified in 21 of the subjects [21]. The effects of using AFO with 90 stop, with heel high compensation and with ¾ length foot plate for the patients with post stroke hemiplegia was investigated by Fatone S et al Based on the results of their study, use of AFO did not influence the walking speed [17].…”

Section: The Effects Of Using Afo On Knee Joint Hyperextensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Types of Orthoses in the Management of Genu-recurvatum, What are the Best Choices?

Karimi¹,

Ltd²

2020

BIOE

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Background: Knee joint hyper extension, also named as genu-recurvatum, has been reported in hemiplegic subjects, cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis and other neurological conditions. Although various types of treatment approaches such as use of orthoses, physical therapy and surgery have been used for these patients, clinicians usually prefer to treat it by use of different types of orthoses. Therefore, the aim of this review was to detect the best orthoses used to manage genu-recurvatum.Methods: An extensive search was performed in ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, Google Scholar and Scopus. Hyperextension of knee joint and genu-recurvatum, were used in combination with brace, orthoses and assistive devices in a period between 1960 and 2018. The quality of identified paper was assessed using Black and Down tool. The maximum score of this scale was 28.Results: Fourteen papers were identified in which six papers focused on using AFO, six papers focused on using KAFO, and two papers focused on using knee orthoses. The quality of papers varied between 14 and 20. The external validity of papers varied between 1 and 3. Moreover, the reporting score was between 4 and 9, and internal validity (confounding) was between 2 and 6. Finally, the internal validity (bias) score varied between 3 and 4. Conclusion:Although there is not enough evidence on the efficiency of different orthotic interventions on genu-recurvatum, it can be concluded that use of orthoses is depending on severity of the disease and presence of concurrent valgus deformity. It seems that both AFO and KAFO are good orthotic interventions which can be used to manage genu-recurvatum, depends on the severity of the disease. More studies should be done on this topic.

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“…The use of NAAFOs are reported to increase gait velocity, decrease double stance duration, improve the symmetry ratio of stance duration and of deceleration force, increase step length of the paretic limb, decrease body sway in stance, normalize heel strike, improve control of inversion of the foot, and improve activities of the hamstrings and calf muscles. 2–9 The use of AAFOs has shown improvement of gait velocity, cadence, stride length, single stance duration of the paretic limb, and dorsiflexion angle of the paretic ankle joint during stance. 10–13 Comparing the two kinds of AFOs, Weis et al reported that NNAFOs impeded the natural movement of the ankle joint in stance and shortened the step length, resulting in slower velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Improvement of Hemiplegic Patients Using an Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Assistance of Heel Rocker Function

Yamamoto¹,

Hagiwara²,

Mizobe³

et al. 2009

Prosthetics &Amp; Orthotics International

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The ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) with oil damper, GaitSolution (GS), was previously developed to make heel rocker function possible during the gait of hemiplegic patients. To clarify the characteristics of patients who show adaptation to GS use, a questionnaire was completed by the clinicians responsible for 99 patients with hemiplegia who participated in this study. Clinicians completed items concerning gait data of patients without AFO use and with GS use, adaptation to the use of GS, and patient opinion of GS use. Approximately 60% of patients achieved heel rocker function during the loading response of the paretic limb and improved gait when using GS. A comparison of the patients whose gaits were improved by GS more than by other AFOs revealed the use of GS was well suited to the gait of patients with a relatively higher Brunnstrom stage and a slightly flexed knee joint during the stance phase. Approximately 60% of patients reported feeling comfortable using GS, although patient comfort did not necessarily coincide with the results of gait assessment by clinicians. Patient comfort mainly depended on trunk posture and hip joint outward rotation; hip joint outward rotation could be improved using GS in the recovery phase but not in the maintenance phase. This result implies the importance of gait training in the early stage of rehabilitation.

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A new model of plastic ankle foot orthosis (FAFO (II)) against spastic foot and genu recurvatum

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

<p>Kinematic on Ankle and Knee Joint of Post-Stroke Elderly Patients by Wearing Newly Elastic Band-Type Ankle–Foot Orthosis in Gait</p>

<p>Kinematic on Ankle and Knee Joint of Post-Stroke Elderly Patients by Wearing Newly Elastic Band-Type Ankle–Foot Orthosis in Gait</p>

Different Types of Orthoses in the Management of Genu-recurvatum, What are the Best Choices?

Gait Improvement of Hemiplegic Patients Using an Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Assistance of Heel Rocker Function

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