A New Monoclonal Antibody for the Sensitive Detection of Cyanazine and Other <i>s</i>-Triazines in Water by ELISA

Bruun, Leif; Koch, Claus; Aamand, Jens

doi:10.1080/09540100020008128

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…New immunological assays have been developed for several triazines including their degradation products (Bruun et al 2000a(Bruun et al , b, 2001) and for BAM (Bruun et al 2000c). All assays have a very low detection limit in the range of 0.01-0.02 µg/l, making them ideal for monitoring specific pesticide residues in ground-and drinking water.…”

Section: Development Of Immunological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological analysis of pesticides: a new tool in groundwater testing

2004

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Groundwater is the major source of drinking water in many European countries, and in Denmark alone it accounts for more than 99% of the drinking water supply. Within the past decade pesticide residues have frequently been detected in groundwater, in many cases at levels exceeding the 0.1 µg/l limit set by the European Community. As a consequence, drinking water abstraction wells have had to be closed in many places in Denmark and other European countries, and a vast amount of money is expended to monitor groundwater pesticide levels. A degradation product of the herbicide dichlobenil, 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), is the most common cause of drinking water well closure in Denmark. Triazines and their metabolites also contaminate groundwater in many countries, and pose a similar risk to the drinking water supply. Analysis of most pesticides and their degradation products is usually carried out by concentrating the samples by solvent extraction, and identifying the contaminants using gas chromatography (GC) or high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with mass spectrometry (MS). These methods, although robust and well established, are very time-consuming and require specialised instrumentation. The large quantity of solvents used is another draw back to these methods, as the solvents themselves may be carcinogenic and are also well known contaminants of groundwater. The development of cheap, more sensitive and more rapid pesticide assays is therefore urgent. Due to their very high sensitivity, immunological methods have long been used in biological science for analysing a large variety of organic structures, but have only recently been introduced to environmental analysis. The benefit of such assays is primarily their high sensitivity, which allows the analysis to be undertaken without the need to concentrate the samples, but also the facility of dealing with large numbers of samples. Compared to conventional analyses, immunological methods face two major drawbacks – one related to specificity and the other to the fact that only very few chemicals can currently be analysed simultaneously. The crux of the specificity problem is that although antibodies react very specifically with particular chemical structures, these same structures may be present in analogous compounds. Thus antibodies developed to recognise, for example the herbicide atrazine might also recognise other triazines (Bruun et al. 2001). An important scientific challenge is therefore the development of highly specific assays recognising each individual compound, as well as assays recognising groups of related chemicals. With respect to the simultaneous analysis of numerous chemicals, this can be resolved by implementing the new biochip technology, which incorporates the parallellity of sample screening. On a pesticide biochip many specific immunological assays are carried out in isolated small spots on a glass or polymer surface. Each spot has a size of approximately 150 micrometers and forms a specific analysis. Such a miniaturised platform will be usable for monitoring programmes where water samples have to be screened for a range of chemical contaminants. The overall objectives of this study have been (1) to develop immunoassays for high-sensitivity analysis of specific pesticides and chemically related groups of pesticides, and (2) to transfer the developed assays to a miniaturised biochip platform in a manner allowing analysis of several pesticides simultaneously.

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Section: Development Of Immunological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological analysis of pesticides: a new tool in groundwater testing

2004

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“…Στην δεύτερη, ακινητοποιηµένο στην στερεή φάση είναι το αντιγόνο. Το ειδικό αντίσωµα αντιδρά µε το αντιγόνο, εκπλύνεται και επισηµαίνεται για την ανίχνευση του σήµατος, αντιδρώντας µε ένα σηµασµένο αντιαντίσωµα (Ag-indirect competitive ELISA) [66,67,68,69]. Στο σχήµα που ακολουθεί φαίνεται η αρχή λειτουργίας της Ab-direct competitive ELISA.…”

Section: β322 Elisaunclassified

Ανάπτυξη Ανοσοδιαγνωστκών Μεθόδων Πόλωσης Φθορισμού Για Τον Προσδιοριμό Τοξικών Ουσιών

Χατζηδάκης¹

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Για την προστασία των πνευµατικών δικαιωµάτων το περιεχόµενο του Ειδικού Μέρους της διδακτορικής διατριβής επιτρέπεται να αναδηµοσιευτεί µόνο µε τη γραπτή άδεια του επιβλέποντα Καθηγητή. V 9. ∆HMOΣIEYΣEIΣ 1. Tavernarakis N, Hatzidakis G, Krambovitis E. Simple and rapid amplification and detection of nucleic acids. US Patent: serial no. 5,569,582 (1996) 2. Hatzidakis G, Stefanakis A, Krambovitis E. Comparison of different antibody-conjugate derivatives for the development of a sensitive and specific progesterone assay. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, (1993) 97: 557-561. 3. Hatzidakis G, Katrakili N, Krambovitis E. Development of a direct and specific enzyme immunoassay for the measurement of oestrone sulfate in bovine milk. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, (1993) 98: 235-240. 4. Stefanakis A, Hatzidakis G, Krambovitis E. Development of a simple and reliable immunoenzymatic technique for the determination of the concentration of progesterone in the milk and serum.

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