A new mycotoxin from Aspergillus candidus Link isolated from rough rice

Chattopadhyay, S.; Nandi, B.; Ghosh, Pratiti; Thakur, Sanjana

doi:10.1007/bf00431013

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this work, A. candidus was detected under 18.5%/30°C. This mold is common in stored food grains (Chattopadhyay et al, 1987). Humidity is one of the crucial factors affecting the biodiversity and evolution of mold species during storage.…”

Section: Pcr-dgge Analysis Of Fungal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of rice microbial communities under different storage conditions using culture-dependent and -independent techniques

Xiao-ying

HaiRong

Liu

et al. 2022

qas

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Rice is a staple food for over half of the world’s population, and fungal spoilage in stored rice may occur when the moisture content and temperature are conducive. Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. are the most harmful toxigenic species that produce harmful mycotoxins. Molds pose a potential threat to public health and cause a huge economic loss. Therefore, it is of great importance to find out how molds multiply in rice. This study focused on the isolation and identification of fungi presented in rice and their evolution in rice with different moisture contents stored for varying periods of time and under different temperatures. Mold community was detected every month using the culture-dependent and -independent method of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Significant differences were detected by the traditional culture method under different storage conditions. For potato dextrose agar (PDA) media, high temperature and moisture were suitable for the dominant strains including Penicillium aurantiogriseum and Penicillium oxalicum. In particular, P. oxalicum competitively inhibited the other fungi. For Rose Bengal medium, no difference was observed under different storage conditions, and only typical strains such as Aspergillus candidus and Alternaria were detected. PCR-DGGE identified some uncultured strains such as Trichoderma sp. and Cladosporium sp., the dominant strains and the flora diversity such as Aspergillus restrictus and Eurotium athecium. These results indicated that storage conditions greatly shape fungal growth. This study provides a foundation for the evolution of fungal flora in rice during storage in China and may help in developing biological control methods to prevent mold contamination in rice.

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Section: Pcr-dgge Analysis Of Fungal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of rice microbial communities under different storage conditions using culture-dependent and -independent techniques

Xiao-ying

HaiRong

Liu

et al. 2022

qas

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“…Despite the frequent occurrence of this species the body of knowledge is considered as insufficient; it produces known metabolites, some of them showing cytotoxic activity: AcT1 (Chattopadhyay, Nandi et al 1987), xanthoascin (Ito, Ohtsubo et al 1978), terphenyllin (Marchelli and Vining 1975;Stead, Affleck et al 1999). However, there remains metabolites that are not yet identified and classified Andersen and Thrane 2006).…”

Section: Aspergillus Candidusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA - Opinion of the Scientific Committee

2007

EFSA Journal

367

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“…Earlier studies have reported this species to produce a variety of secondary metabolites (SM) such as patulin, pseurotin A and cytochalasin E (Zutz et al, 2013). On the other hand, other species which did not produce toxin in this study have been reported to be toxigenic in earlier studies for example; A. candidus was reported to produce a mycotoxin known as AcT1 (Chattopadhyay et al, 1987), whereas A. awamori has been reported to produce fumonisins (Storari et al, 2012) and aspochalamins A-D (Gebhardt et al, 2004). Aspergillus terreus has been reported to produce territrems in bakery products and grains (El-Sayed Abdalla et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Diversity of putatively toxigenic Aspergillus species in maize and soil samples in an aflatoxicosis hotspot in Eastern Kenya

Salano¹,

Obonyo²,

Toroitich³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Aflatoxin contamination impinges on grain quality worldwide. The causative agent, Aspergillus spp. colonizes grain in the field down to postharvest stages in storage where they may produce toxins. Kenya has experienced recurring cases of aflatoxicosis in Eastern region especially during periods of maize grain deficit. The risk of chronic exposure has not been widely studied. Therefore, seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of toxigenic Aspergillus in maize and soils of Eastern Kenya was investigated. Samples were obtained from farmers, two months after the first (May) and second (December) harvest seasons. Aspergillus spp. were isolated from maize and soil samples by direct and dilution plate techniques respectively on Czapek Dox Agar (CZ) and thereafter sub-cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Positive identification was done using culture-morphological and microscopic characteristics in PDA media. The ammonium vapour test was used to screen for the putative toxigenic strains. A total of 229 Aspergillus spp. cultures were obtained (55% -maize, 45% -soil). Eleven Aspergillus sp. were identified: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus niveus, Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus wentii. Of these 41 (18 %) were potentially toxigenic while the rest were putatively atoxigenic. Out of the 41 toxigenic isolates, 22 were from maize. The first season had 15 (68.2%) toxigenic maize isolates while 7 (31.8%) were from the second season. Generally, there were more fungal isolates in the first season (54.1%) than the second one (45.9%) while Aspergillus niger was the most abundant in both seasons. Such variation in fungal abundance supports the hypothesis that aflatoxin contamination of grain may vary seasonally but that remains to be unravelled and herein, a contrary opinion was presented.

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A new mycotoxin from Aspergillus candidus Link isolated from rough rice

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Analysis of rice microbial communities under different storage conditions using culture-dependent and -independent techniques

Analysis of rice microbial communities under different storage conditions using culture-dependent and -independent techniques

Introduction of a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA - Opinion of the Scientific Committee

Diversity of putatively toxigenic Aspergillus species in maize and soil samples in an aflatoxicosis hotspot in Eastern Kenya

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