A New Name For <i>Dictyonema Pavonium</i> (Swartz) Parmasto

Hawksworth, David L.

doi:10.1017/s0024282988000131

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This number would be a further remarkable increase from the 126 species recognized in our current phylogeny and an unthinkably dramatic increase from a single species, D. glabratum, accepted until a decade ago (11,12,16). With more than 400 species, Cora would become one of the largest genera of lichenized Fungi.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Currently, a total of 43 species are recognized in five genera (14,15). Two genera, Cora and Corella, are foliose macrolichens, with a total of 16 species, corresponding to what was considered a single species, Dictyonema glabratum (11,12,16). This name is well known in the scientific community and even among nonspecialists and is included in the Listing of Interesting Plants of the World (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A single macrolichen constitutes hundreds of unrecognized species

Lücking

Dal-Forno

Sikaroodi

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

159

121

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The number of Fungi is estimated at between 1.5 and 3 million. Lichenized species are thought to make up a comparatively small portion of this figure, with unrecognized species richness hidden among little-studied, tropical microlichens. Recent findings, however, suggest that some macrolichens contain a large number of unrecognized taxa, increasing known species richness by an order of magnitude or more. Here we report the existence of at least 126 species in what until recently was believed to be a single taxon: the basidiolichen fungus Dictyonema glabratum, also known as Cora pavonia. Notably, these species are not cryptic but morphologically distinct. A predictive model suggests an even larger number, with more than 400 species. These results call into question species concepts in presumably well-known macrolichens and demonstrate the need for accurately documenting such species richness, given the importance of these lichens in endangered ecosystems such as paramos and the alarming potential for species losses throughout the tropics.diversification | global diversity prediction | Hygrophoraceae

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A single macrolichen constitutes hundreds of unrecognized species

Lücking

Dal-Forno

Sikaroodi

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

159

121

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“…The acids 16:0 and 18:0 were observed in all of the lichens examined as were unsaturated fatty acids 18:1 and 18:3. The fatty acid composition of the basidiolichen, D. glabratum (21), showed the presence of short-chain fatty acids such as 10:0, 12:0, and 16:2.…”

Section: Relationship Between Organic Solvent Extracts With Yields Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid composition of lipids present in selected lichenized fungi: A chemotyping study

Sassaki

Cruz

Gorin

et al. 2001

Lipids

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The total-lipid composition of 21 lichens of the ascomycetous genera Cladonia (11) and Cladina (1) of the family Cladoniacea, Cladia (1), Parmotrema (3), Ramalina (2), Leptogium (1), Cetraria (1), and the basidiomycetous genus Dictyonema (1) was determined. Analyses of those of Dictyonema glabratum were carried out with a total extract and those obtained after successive extractions with various solvents. Each extract was partitioned between n-heptane/isopropanol and 1 M sulfuric acid, giving triglycerides (TG) in the upper phase. Extracts were methanolyzed and the resulting methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methanolyzates of TG unexpectedly contained esters of 9-oxodecanoic, 9-methyl-tetradecanoic, 6-methyl-tetradecanoic, 3-hydroxy-decanoic, nonanedioic, and decanedioic acids, as well as common fatty acids. Fatty acid methyl ester profiles from the lichens were submitted to cluster analysis, and the resulting dendogram showed a cluster consistent with Cladonia spp., suggesting an efficient aid to lichen taxonomy. The total carbohydrate content of each lipid extract was determined by a modified phenol-sulfuric acid method, which compensated for the presence of pigments.

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“…Their structures have been completely characterized in the ascomycetous Ramalina celastri [5], and in the basidiolichen Dictyonema glabratum [6] using spectroscopic methods. We now examine the glycolipid extracts from Dictyonema glabratum (Sprengel) D. Hawks [7], in which we find another neutral trigalactosyl lipid, containing one O ‐acyl group linked to the glycerol moiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of lyso-galactolipids, C-2 and C-3O-acyl trigalactosylglycerol isomers, obtained from the lichenized fungusDictyonema glabratum

Sassaki

Gorin

Iacomini

2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A mixture of two lyso isomers of a galactolipid was obtained from Dictyonema glabratum. Aqueous hydrolysis gave rise to galactose and glycerol in a 3:1 molar ratio. ESI-MS spectroscopy gave, in the positive-ion mode, a pseudomolecular ion at m/z 839 and daughter ions with m/z 677, 600, 515 and 353, suggesting three galactosyl units linked to a glycerol moiety, substituted by one O-acyl group. 1D and 2D NMR experiments were used to characterize the glycolipid, and HMQC examination showed three anomeric signals, corresponding to two alpha-Galp and one beta-Galp residue liked to glycerol. The glycolipid structure was shown to be O-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-O-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-Galp-(1<-->1)-2- and -3-monoacyl-D-glycerol, the latter structures not having been previously found in nature. The fatty acid composition was determined by GC-MS of derived methyl esters: that of palmitic acid C(16:0) was the most abundant, although the presence of C(12:0), C(14:0), C(16:1) and C(18:0) esters was observed.

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A New Name For Dictyonema Pavonium (Swartz) Parmasto

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

A single macrolichen constitutes hundreds of unrecognized species

A single macrolichen constitutes hundreds of unrecognized species

Fatty acid composition of lipids present in selected lichenized fungi: A chemotyping study

Characterization of lyso-galactolipids, C-2 and C-3O-acyl trigalactosylglycerol isomers, obtained from the lichenized fungusDictyonema glabratum

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