A new optimal static synchronous series compensator‐governorcontrol action for small signal stability enhancement of random renewable penetrated hydro‐dominated power system

Abstract

Subject to intermittent nature of renewable sources, small signal stability (SSS) is going to be a challenging task for power system operators. Also as per current deregulated market, stress is imposed on optimal usage of present resources like mechanical governors. In this work a new coordinated optimal damping control action of fractional static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and governor is proposed to the critical condition of power system for SSS enhancement considering sudden and random variation in solar photovoltaic (SPV) and wind sources with different operating condition of hydro generations and change in reference voltage. Both SSSC and governor coordinate to damp system oscillations to improve stability. A new hybrid differential evolution (DE) with whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is proposed to tune the gains of SSSC and governor in proposed controller. A multi objective function incorporating speed and real power deviation has been taken for optimization problem. It has been observed that varying operating condition of hydro generator along with variations in SPV and wind sources instigate low frequency oscillation and proposed control action has better damping efficacy in comparison to only SSSC and governor. Also, the proposed multi-objective DE-WOA control law performs better than only DE and WOA algorithm.

Deployment of a full‐size converter utilised hydropower plant to enhance inter‐area oscillation damping

“…which are non-linear, because of the power equations ( 22) to (23). The power difference from the generator P s and the grid P g results in a change over time for the DC-link voltage V dc in Figure 5.…”

“…Furthermore, the comparison with the conventional governor illustrates the significantly faster decay of oscillations caused after sudden penetration of solar and wind sources in the grid [22]. A coordinated approach with novel hybrid differential evolution algorithm between an static synchronous series compensator and a fixed‐speed hydro governor was successfully verified in the simulation study of reference [23] with interesting results regarding the damping performance of LFOs in the presence of RES. In reference [24], the application of a coordinated fractional parallel unified power flow controller and a phase‐compensated hydro governor in a fixed‐speed controlled pumped storage power plant has led to a significant improvement in the damping behaviour of inter‐area oscillations.…”

An intelligent cascaded fuzzy‐lead‐lag‐based damping control scheme incorporating variable frequency transformer and superconducting magnetic energy storage in multimachine power system

“…As a fitness function, an integral‐squared quantity that is defined across a certain control horizon is put up to assess the caliber of the solutions produced 49 . It is worth mentioning that the choice of objective function for POD depends on several factors like the nature of the system, type of disturbance, desired control performance, computational burden, and the designers choice 50–52 . However, in this work, integral squared error is used mainly due to its distinctive feature of penalizing high magnitude errors in a larger fashion and lower magnitude errors in a smaller way, which is not the case when other objective functions are taken into account.…”

Optimizing power system stability: An artificial neural network approach for controlling variable frequency transformer

“…To address this issue, researchers have explored the use of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS)‐based stabilizers. These stabilizers, including thyristor controlled phase shifter, static var compensator, static synchronous series compensator, thyristor controlled series capacitor, and unified power flow controller, offer a promising approach by modifying the reactance of transmission lines to dampen oscillations and enhance system stability 11,12 . Although using FACTS operation to control the LFO has enhanced system stability, it is important to note that the introduction of FACTS devices introduce harmonics into the system, negatively impacting the power quality of the system.…”