A new parametric approach to gender gap with application to <scp>EUSILC</scp> data in Poland and Italy

Greselin, Francesca; Jędrzejczak, Alina; Trzcińska, Kamila

doi:10.1002/sam.11623

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Greselin and Jędrzejczak (2020) studied the gender gap in Poland and Italy, comparing data provided by Eurostat for Poland and Italy through the relative distribution approach. Greselin, Jędrzejczak, and Trzcińska (2023) proposed a new parametric approach to gender gap analysis based on different theoretical distributions, and it was applied to EU-SILC data for Poland and Italy. Various dimensions of the discrepancy between men and women have recently been considered in the literature for many countries (e.g., Doorley and Claire 2020;Avram and Popova 2022;Boneva et al 2022;Cordova, Grabka, and Sierminska 2022;Glaubitz, Harnack-Eber, and Wetter 2022;and Cozarenco and Szafarz 2023).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Gender Gap in the Visegrád Group Countries Based on the Luxembourg Income Study

Jędrzejczak,

Trzcińska

2023

CER

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Gender equality is a fundamental human right and one of the core values of the European Union (EU). Great efforts have been made to defend this right and to promote gender equality within the member states and around the world. However, there are still significant differences between men and women, especially in terms of income. The main objective of the paper is to compare income distributions for gender groups across four Central European countries, Poland, Slovakia, Czechia and Hungary, i.e., the members of the Visegrád Group (V4). These countries share similar histories and similar economic development, but there are substantial differences between their approaches to economic reforms, including labour market policy. This, in turn, is reflected in different income distributions and income inequality patterns. There is a debated research issue regarding the methodology of measuring the gender gap – the traditional methods based on comparing means and medians seem unsatisfactory as they do not consider the shape of income distributions. The paper’s novelty lies in the application of the relative distribution concept, which goes beyond the typical focus on average income differences toward a full comparison of the entire distribution of women’s earnings relative to men’s. In the paper, we implement a parametric approach for estimating the relative distribution, which allows us to compare and visualise the “gap” between the gender groups at each distribution quantile. The basis for the calculations was the microdata from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS). The statistical methods applied in the study were appropriate to describe the gender gap over the entire income range. The results of the empirical analysis helped to reveal similarities and substantial differences between the countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gender Gap in the Visegrád Group Countries Based on the Luxembourg Income Study

Jędrzejczak,

Trzcińska

2023

CER

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Income Inequalities Between Women And Men In Selected European Countries

Trzcińska

2024

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia

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Research background Income inequalities between women and men often constitute an important area of research related to social inequalities. Differences in incomes between genders are frequently analyzed in the context of gender equality, social justice, and economic equity. Disparities in wages between women and men are observed in many societies. A key tool in studying wage and income distributions, as well as income inequalities, is the approximation of theoretical models to empirical data. Another important tool is the use of income inequality measures. Research on income distributions between women and men is significant for various reasons, including facilitating an understanding of social and economic inequalities. Purpose In Europe, there is diversity in economic models, with individual countries adopting different approaches to organizing their economic systems. The paper considers four European countries representing diverse economic approaches. A comparative analysis of income inequality between men and women was conducted in the countries under consideration. Research methodology The study used data from the Central European Bank from 2017. All analyzes were based on the Dagum model. The maximum likelihood method was used to estimate the model parameters. The Theil coefficient decomposition was also applied. Results The analysis reveals that men earn the highest incomes in all countries. Visualization of the Lorenz and Zenga curves, along with calculated inequality indices, showed that the greatest income inequalities occur in women’s incomes in all cases. Interestingly, it was found that men’s incomes make the largest contribution to the overall income inequalities. Novelty The paper explores the topic of income inequality, which is a significant and contemporary socioeconomic challenge. It utilizes statistical information from the Eurosystem Household Finance and Consumption (HFCS) to examine and assess the financial status of households, focusing on both genders, in Finland, Germany, Poland, and Spain.

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A new parametric approach to gender gap with application to EUSILC data in Poland and Italy

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

The Gender Gap in the Visegrád Group Countries Based on the Luxembourg Income Study

The Gender Gap in the Visegrád Group Countries Based on the Luxembourg Income Study

Income Inequalities Between Women And Men In Selected European Countries

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