A New PC-Based Text Entry System Based on EOG Coding

Abstract

Some disadvantages of optical eye tracking systems have increased the interest to EOG (Electrooculography) based Human Computer Interaction (HCI). However, text entry attempts using EOG have been slower than expected because the eyes should move several times for entering a character. In order to improve the writing speed and accuracy of EOG based text entry, a new method based on the coding of eye movements has been suggested in this study. In addition, a real time EOG based HCI system has developed to implement the method. In our method all characters have been encoded by single saccades in 8 directions and different dwell time. In order to standardize dwell times and facilitate the coding process, computer assisted voice guidance was used. A number of experiments have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method and system. At the end of the fifth trials, an experienced user was able to write at average 13.2 wpm (5 letters = 1 word) with 100% accuracy using the developed system. The results of our experiments have shown that text entry with the eye can be done quickly and efficiently with the proposed method and system.

Real‐Time Precise Human‐Computer Interaction System Based on Gaze Estimation and Tracking

“…(2) Input by the Gaze Tracking Coding. This method implements character input through trajectories of different eye movements and the dwell time [33,34]. The specific proposed strategy is described as follows.…”

Vision-Based Interfaces for Character-Based Text Entry: Comparison of Errors and Error Correction Properties of Eye Typing and Head Typing

“…Text entry with gaze-based VBIs, also known as eye typing, typically requires looking at a key and then dwelling the gaze on that key for about one second or less to activate it [9]. Other hands-free alternatives for key activation exist, such as eye blinks [10,11], facial movements detected by electrode measurement technology [3,[12][13][14], and switches and foot pedals [7]. Such methods have shown good potential in eye typing but gained less popularity than wellestablished dwell-time protocols.…”

Prospects of Electrooculography in Human-Computer Interface Based Neural Rehabilitation for Neural Repair Patients

“…There are several interfaces are developed with the help of bio signals combined with HCI. They are EOG based Speller [7], EOG based Text Entry System [8], Visual Navigation System [9], Remote Control System [10], Television Controller system [11], Virtual Keyboard [12], Wheelchair [13]- [17], [36], [37].In this paper we proposed eye movement based HCI to improve the interaction between the user and the system. The system comprises of three main models they are: Five electrode system with Analog Digital Converter (ADI T26) for collecting signals, Lab chart software applications for displaying the acquired signal, and Graphical User Interface are designed to process the signals to display the classified pattern with the help of neural network classifier related to the eye movements [41]- [43].…”