A new perspective (sorption/desorption) on the question of chlorolignin degradation to chlorinated phenolics

O’Connor, Brian I.; Voss, Ronald H.

doi:10.1021/es00027a018

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…(i) The production of bleached pulp by convential processes results in effluents containing both high molecular weight chlorolignin and monomeric compounds: monomeric chlorophenolic compounds are apparently bound to the chlorolignin, and their release may be mediated both by microbial action (36) and by desorption (69).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of chlorocatechols from contaminated sediments

Remberger¹,

Hynning²,

Neilson³

1993

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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2) The adsorption-partition model is developed to describe the sorption phenomenon on wastewater solids for single-component and multicomponent systems. The A-P model is tested using single-component experimental isotherm data for eight toxic organic compounds.(3) The A-P model is also verified by the binary sorption data. The model fits experimental data well. It was found that KO, could be used to assess the competition effect in a multicomponent system. The competition is negligible when KO, is larger than 1000. When KO, is smaller than 500, there is a significant competition effect. In dilute solutions, competition of multicomponent sorption can generally be ignored. Literature CitedPetrasek, A. L.; Kugelman, I. J.; Austern, B. M.; Pressley,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of chlorocatechols from contaminated sediments

Remberger¹,

Hynning²,

Neilson³

1993

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Eriksson et al (1985) postulated that these chlorophenolics were formed from the chemical breakdown of unstable HMW material. However, from spiked I3 Clabelled 4,5-dichlorögüaiacol, it was later shown that adsorption of chlorophenolics to HMW material followed by their desorption was the probable mechanism that would explain the formation of chlorophenolics from HMW material (O'Connor and Voss 1992). In the present study we examined the formation of chlorophenolics from chlorinated HMW material isolated from an untreated softwood bleached kraft final effluent and from primary and secondary treated mixed wood bleached kraft final effluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Chlorophenolics from High Molecular Weight Chlorinated Organics Isolated from Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents

Martin¹,

Burnison²,

Lee³

et al. 1995

HFSG

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Extended abiotic incubation and alkaline hydrolysis of chlorinated high molecular weight (HMW) organics (>400D) isolated from bleached kraft mill effluents (BKME) were used to release bound Chlorophenolics. Incubation experiments showed a temperature dependent slow release of 4,5-dichloroguaiacol (4,5-DCG), 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol (3,4,5-TCG), 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol (4,5,6-TCC), tetrachloroguaiacol (TeCG), 6-chlorovanillin (6-CVa) and 5,6-dichlorovanillin (5,6-DCVa) from HMW material. Alkaline hydrolysis of HMW with 2 M NaOH at 50 and 100°C released significantly higher concentrations of Chlorophenolics and also 4,6-dichioroguaiacol (4,6-DCG), 3,4-dichloroguaiacol (3,4-DCG) 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol (3A5-TCC) and tetrachlorocatcchol (TeCC) which were not observed during the incubation period. However, chlorocatechols were found to be unstable during alkaline hydrolysis. Chlorophenolic organic carbon partiton coefficients (K oe ) from the solvent extractable (free) and the alkaline hydrolysis released (bound) concentrations were compared to estimated and reported literature values. Measured primary treated effluent KOC values were in agreement with estimated values for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol (2,3,4,6-TeCP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), 3,4,5-TCG, 4,5,6-TCG and TeCG but significantly different for 4,5-DCG. Primary and secondary treated effluent chlorophenolic K«c values of 3,4-DCG, 4,5-DCG, 6-CVa, 5,6-DCVa, 2-chlorosyringaldehyde (2-CSAld) and 2,6-dichlorosyringaldehyde (2,6-DCSAld) did not agree with their measured chlorophenolic KOC values. These results suggest that simple hydrophobic interaction does not account for the high concentrations of these Chlorophenolics bound to HMW material.

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“…Dioxin isomers depend on formation between chlorine and organic matter. O'connor and Voss (1992) showed that approximately 10% of the chlorine applied to the pulp in the first stage appears in the effluent as organically bound chlorine. We believe that with the increase of standard pulp bleaching sequence (STD), and the increase of BOD and TOC concentrations in the effluent, from the time of the first to the fourth sampling date (Table 5), bioaccumulation of organochlorinated compounds would also increase.…”

Section: Organo-chlorinated Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of heavy metals and organo-chlorinated compounds in a pulp mill effluent using introduced mussels

Furley¹,

Filho²

2000

Aquatic Ecosystem Health &Amp; Management

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A bleached kraft pulp mill discharges a vast array of substances and special attention should be given to heavy metals and organo-chlorinated compounds. They can persist in nature for a long period of time, are toxic to the wildlife community in certain concentrations, and can be incorporated into the food chain. The aim of this work is to monitor the quality of a bleached kraft pulp mill effluent using filter-feeding molluscs. Transplanted mussels were collected seasonally and analyzed for copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, manganese, iron, dioxins, furans and pentachlorophenol. All of the concentrations in mussels were low even when the mill operated different process types and production, and also during maintenance shut-downs.

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A new perspective (sorption/desorption) on the question of chlorolignin degradation to chlorinated phenolics

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Release of chlorocatechols from contaminated sediments

Release of chlorocatechols from contaminated sediments

Chlorophenolics from High Molecular Weight Chlorinated Organics Isolated from Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents

Biomonitoring of heavy metals and organo-chlorinated compounds in a pulp mill effluent using introduced mussels

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