A new plant chamber facility, PLUS, coupled to the atmosphere simulation  chamber SAPHIR

Hohaus, Thorsten; Kühn, U.; Andres, S.; Kaminski, Martin; Rohrer, Franz; Tillmann, Ralf; Wahner, Andreas; Wegener, Robert; Yu, Zeping; Kiendler‐Scharr, Astrid

doi:10.5194/amt-9-1247-2016

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The vapours were transported by a flow of synthetic air into the chamber. In addition, a recently built plant chamber allows for the quantitative transfer of mixtures of biogenic organic compounds from up to six trees into the SAPHIR chamber (Hohaus et al, 2016). Environmental parameters in the plant chamber can be fully controlled.…”

Section: The Saphir Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of OH reactivity measurements in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR

Fuchs¹,

Novelli²,

Rolletter³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Hydroxyl (OH) radical reactivity (k OH ) has been measured for 18 years with different measurement techniques. In order to compare the performances of instruments deployed in the field, two campaigns were conducted performing experiments in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Jülich in October 2015 and April 2016. Chemical conditions were chosen either to be representative of the atmosphere or to test potential limitations of instruments. All types of instruments that are currently used for atmospheric measurements were used in one of the two campaigns. The results of these campaigns demonstrate that OH reactivity can be accurately measured for a wide range of atmospherically relevant chemical conditions (e.g. water vapour, nitrogen oxides, various organic compounds) by all instruments. The precision of the measurements (limit of detection < 1 s −1 at a time resolution of 30 s to a few minutes) is higher for instruments directly detecting hydroxyl radicals, whereas the indirect comparative reactivPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. H. Fuchs et al.: OH reactivity comparison in SAPHIRity method (CRM) has a higher limit of detection of 2 s −1 at a time resolution of 10 to 15 min. The performances of the instruments were systematically tested by stepwise increasing, for example, the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), water vapour or nitric oxide (NO). In further experiments, mixtures of organic reactants were injected into the chamber to simulate urban and forested environments. Overall, the results show that the instruments are capable of measuring OH reactivity in the presence of CO, alkanes, alkenes and aromatic compounds. The transmission efficiency in Teflon inlet lines could have introduced systematic errors in measurements for low-volatile organic compounds in some instruments. CRM instruments exhibited a larger scatter in the data compared to the other instruments. The largest differences to reference measurements or to calculated reactivity were observed by CRM instruments in the presence of terpenes and oxygenated organic compounds (mixing ratio of OH reactants were up to 10 ppbv). In some of these experiments, only a small fraction of the reactivity is detected. The accuracy of CRM measurements is most likely limited by the corrections that need to be applied to account for known effects of, for example, deviations from pseudo first-order conditions, nitrogen oxides or water vapour on the measurement. Methods used to derive these corrections vary among the different CRM instruments. Measurements taken with a flowtube instrument combined with the direct detection of OH by chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (CIMS) show limitations in cases of high reactivity and high NO concentrations but were accurate for low reactivity (< 15 s −1 ) and low NO (< 5 ppbv) conditions.

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Section: The Saphir Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of OH reactivity measurements in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR

Fuchs¹,

Novelli²,

Rolletter³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…In order to determine the saturation mass concentrations (C * ), parallel gas-and particle-phase measurements were performed. Particle-phase composition was measured using three different aerosol sampling techniques coupled to a proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (model PTR-TOF 8000; PTR-ToF-MS, Ionicon), the aerosol collection module (ACM-PTR-ToF-MS, referred to as "ACM" hereafter) (Hohaus et al, 2010), the chemical analysis of aerosols online (CHARON-PTR-ToF-MS, referred to as "CHARON" hereafter) (Eichler et al, 2015) and the collection thermal desorption unit (TD-PTR-ToF-MS, referred to as "TD" hereafter) (Holzinger et al, 2010). In the following, the most important characteristics and parameters are described briefly.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newly developed thermal desorption inlets have allowed the near-simultaneous chemical characterization of gas-and particle-phase ambient compounds (Holzinger et al, 2010;Lopez-Hilfiker et al, 2014;Yatavelli et al, 2014;Eichler et al, 2015;Stark et al, 2017;Gkatzelis et al, 2018). When coupled to chemical ionization high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometers (HR-ToF-CIMS), these inlets can provide information on a very broad volatility range (Eichler et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the gas-to-particle partitioning of major biogenic SOA (BSOA) oxidation products was investigated. An intercomparison was performed using three different inlet techniques connected to soft-ionization mass spectrometry, the aerosol collection module (Hohaus et al, 2010), the chemical analysis of aerosols online (Eichler et al, 2015), and the collection thermal desorption unit (Holzinger et al, 2010). Volatility measurements were derived based on the mass concentration of individual species in the gas and particle phase, implemented in the 2D-VBS and compared to various explicit methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas-to-particle partitioning of major biogenic oxidation products: a study on freshly formed and aged biogenic SOA

Gkatzelis¹,

Hohaus²,

Tillmann³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) play a key role in climate change and air quality. Determining the fundamental parameters that distribute organic compounds between the phases is essential, as atmospheric lifetime and impacts change drastically between the gas and particle phase. In this work, gas-to-particle partitioning of major biogenic oxidation products was investigated using three different aerosol chemical characterization techniques. The aerosol collection module, the collection thermal desorption unit, and the chemical analysis of aerosols online are different aerosol sampling inlets connected to a proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ACM-PTR-ToF-MS, TD-PTR-ToF-MS, and CHARON-PTR-ToF-MS, respectively, referred to hereafter as ACM, TD, and CHARON). These techniques were deployed at the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR to perform experiments on the SOA formation and aging from different monoterpenes (β-pinene, limonene) and real plant emissions (Pinus sylvestris L.). The saturation mass concentration C* and thus the volatility of the individual ions was determined based on the simultaneous measurement of their signal in the gas and particle phase. A method to identify and exclude ions affected by thermal dissociation during desorption and ionic dissociation in the ionization chamber of the proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) was developed and tested for each technique. Narrow volatility distributions with organic compounds in the semi-volatile (SVOCs – semi-volatile organic compounds) to intermediate-volatility (IVOCs – intermediate-volatility organic compounds) regime were found for all systems studied. Despite significant differences in the aerosol collection and desorption methods of the proton-transfer-reaction (PTR)-based techniques, a comparison of the C* values obtained with different techniques was found to be in good agreement (within 1 order of magnitude) with deviations explained by the different operating conditions of the PTR-MS. The C* of the identified organic compounds were mapped onto the two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D-VBS), and results showed a decrease in C* with increasing oxidation state. For all experiments conducted in this study, identified partitioning organic compounds accounted for 20–30 % of the total organic mass measured from an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). Further comparison between observations and theoretical calculations was performed for species found in our experiments that were also identified in previous publications. Theoretical calculations based on the molecular structure of the compounds showed, within the uncertainties ranges, good agreement with the experimental C* for most SVOCs, while IVOCs deviated by up to a factor of 300. These latter differences are discussed in relation to two main processes affecting these systems: (i) possible interferences by thermal and ionic fragmentation of higher molecular-weight compounds, produced by accretion and oligomerization reactions, that fragment in the m∕z range detected by the PTR-MS and (ii) kinetic influences in the distribution between the gas and particle phase with gas-phase condensation, diffusion in the particle phase, and irreversible uptake.

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“…The vapors were transported by a flow of synthetic air into the chamber. In addition, a recently built plant chamber allows for the quantitative transfer of mixtures of biogenic organic compounds from up to six trees into the SAPHIR chamber (Hohaus et al, 2016). Environmental parameters in the plant chamber can be fully controlled.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fuchs¹

2017

Preprint

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Hydroxyl (OH) radical reactivity (k OH) has been measured for 18 years with different measurement techniques. In order to compare the performances of instruments deployed in the field, two campaigns were conducted performing experiments in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Jülich in October 2015 and April 2016. Chemical conditions were chosen either to be representative of the atmosphere or to test potential limitations of instruments. All types of instruments that are currently used for atmospheric measurements took part in one of the two campaigns. The results of these 5 campaigns demonstrate that OH reactivity can be accurately measured for a wide range of atmospherically relevant chemical conditions (e.g. water vapor, nitrogen oxides, various organic compounds) by all instruments. The precision of the measurements (limit of detection < 1 s −1 at a time resolution of 30 seconds to a few minutes) is higher for instruments directly detecting

show abstract

A new plant chamber facility, PLUS, coupled to the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Comparison of OH reactivity measurements in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR

Comparison of OH reactivity measurements in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR

Gas-to-particle partitioning of major biogenic oxidation products: a study on freshly formed and aged biogenic SOA

Response to review 2

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