A new portable sulfide monitor with a zinc-oxide semiconductor sensor for daily use and field study

Using Multiple Array Sensing and Non-Invasive Data Capture As a Model For Polypharmacy Error Detection

“…As alternative systems, others have proposed methods for detection of lung cancer, Breath ammonia testing for diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy, sulfide monitors, and detection of toxic gases, such as ammonia, using a metal oxide semiconductor and an electrochemical sensor [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Designing a reliable leak bio-detection system for natural gas pipelines

“…6; spectroscopic procedures [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141] are undoubtedly the most common routes taken, along with chromatographic [142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151] and electrochemical [152][153][154][155][156][157][158] techniques. The KB (stage 22) also produced alternative detection methods [159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177], such as elemental...…”

“…6 and listed in Table 5 are, however, still reliant upon some form of sample manipulation for the required selectivity, that adds considerably to cost. Furthermore, the detection of gas samples is quite problematic, especially at low concentrations [153,155,178]: the evolved gas is extremely reactive and will readily adsorb onto surfaces; while this is a feature that is actively exploited in a number of analytical protocols [132,140,[155][156][157][158]167,[171][172][173][174][175][176], it can be the source of erroneous results and poor recoveries, particularly when dealing with field assessments [178][179][180]. Elimination of such problems is a non-trivial task and requires careful handling by trained personnel and the utilization of 'deactivated' surfaces where appropriate.…”

“…This is particularly important when preparing low concentrations of the analyte, whereby losses through aerial oxidation or reaction with trace metal impurities (particularly copper [153,155]) can be significant. Notwithstanding, each sensor category bears along its own limitations that prohibit presently the development of field devices: spectroscopy cannot be used for direct quantitation as successful implementation of this approach still requires a degree of sample preparation [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140]; the selectivity of electrochemical sensors remains an issue with other thiols (as mercaptans that are expected in the sample) and reducing agents [152][153][154][155][156][157][158]; chromatography requires column separation to compensate for the lack of selectivity with respect to other redox species [142][143][144][145][146][147]; solid state systems are generally susceptible to temperature and humidity fluctuations and typically offer less selectivity that other technologies [167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174].…”

Oral malodorous gases and oral microbiota: From halitosis to carcinogenesis

“…In spite of its importance, oral malodor is usually not detected by patients themselves; this difficulty can produce anxiety in patients suffering from halitosis [1]. Objective analytical techniques based on an organoleptic test are necessary, and have been developed to measure malodorous gases for diagnosis and treatment of halitosis [2][3][4]. As teeth and tongue cleaning, mouthwash rinsing, and periodontal therapy can control oral malodor, most of which originates from microbial activities in the mouth [5], the role of oral bacteria in saliva, tongue coating, and periodontal pockets has been widely studied in regard to oral hygiene.…”