A New Potential Attractant for Anastrepha obliqua from Spondias mombin Fruits

Abstract

Nonirradiated males and females of Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) were attracted to and landed more frequently on ripe fruits of Spondias mombin L. than on artificial fruit in wind tunnel bioassays. Porapak Q volatile extracts of S. mombin were also attractive and elicited landing on artificial fruit for both sexes. Combined gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analysis of volatile extracts showed that nine volatile compounds elicited repeatable antennal responses from females and males. The EAD-active compounds were identified by GC-mass spectrometry (MS) as follows: ethyl butyrate, isopropyl butyrate, hexan-1-ol, propyl butyrate, isobutyl butyrate, ethyl hexanoate, isopentyl butyrate, ethyl benzoate, and ethyl octanoate. In wind tunnel bioassays, males and females were attracted and landed more frequently on lures containing the nine-component blend of synthetic compounds than on unscented controls. Field cage bioassays showed that multilure traps baited with the nine-synthetic blend captured significantly more A. obliqua than traps baited with hydrolyzed protein or water.

A New Blend of White Sapote Fruit Volatiles as Potential Attractant to <I>Anastrepha ludens</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…Males and females of A. ludens were signiÞcantly more attracted to guava, Psidium guajava L., fruit, landing more on these fruit than on control yellow spheres (Malo et al 2005). Cruz-Ló pez et al (2006) in a Þeld cages, found that a fruit volatile blend from Spondias mombin L. were more attractive to fruit ßies than hydrolyzed protein. The blend of components isolated from white sapote fruit attractive to A. ludens in this study was different to the attractive blend from yellow chapote S. greguii, termed CEHO (1,8-cineole, ethyl butyrate, 1-hexanol, and ethyl octanoate) (Robacker et al 1992), except that 1,8-cineole was present in both blends.…”

“…Fruit volatiles were collected using a technique described previously (Cruz-Ló pez et al 2006). A charcoal-Þltered airstream (1 liter/min) was maintained through a cylindrical glass aeration chamber (58 cm in length by 18.5 cm i.d.)…”

Apple Proliferation Phytoplasma Influences the Pattern of Plant Volatiles Emitted Depending on Pathogen Virulence

“…Some animal species utilize ethyl benzoate in their chemical communication system. For example, it is part of the pheromone mix of the interdigital gland of male white-tailed deer (Gassett et al, 1996) and it is an attractant for some tephritids like the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis and the West Indian fruit fly Anastrepha oblique (Chu et al, 1996;Cruz-López et al, 2006). While ethyl benzoate is not a common volatile of leaves, it was produced by apple leaves after infestation by the spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Takabayashi et al, 1991).…”

“…P. mali than by healthy apple plants. Ethyl benzoate is capable of eliciting reactions from insects of other genera (Chu et al, 1996;Cruz-López et al, 2006;Beck et al, 2011) but to confirm whether psyllids, especially C. picta, recognize and are responsive to it will require that additional EAG (electroantennography) and olfactometer experiments are performed.…”

Response of Anastrepha Obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Fruit Odors and Protein-Based Lures in Field Trials

“…Each trap contained 250 mL of water, and 2 mL of Tween 80 (ICI, Wilmington, DE), which were added to retain flies, while others traps were baited with 10 mL of the hydrolyzed protein mixed with 5 g of borax dissolved in 235 mL of water per trap. The synthetic blend of S. mombin fruits were prepared as described elsewhere (Cruz-López et al 2006), and 100 μL of synthetic blend were loaded in a rubber septum (Sigma-Aldrich, Toluca, Mexico). The rubber septa were put in the lure compartment of the Multilure trap.…”