A new powdery mildew disease on Aesculus spp. introduced in Europe

Ale-Agha, N.; Braun, Uwe; Feige, B.; Jage, Horst

doi:10.1016/s0181-1584(00)00117-2

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Some of these species, such as E. necator, E. arcuata and E. symphoricarpi , did not produce chasmothecia for many years/decades following their introduction to a new environment, while their sexual reproduction remained unchanged in their native areas (Kiss et al ., 2002). In other invasive powdery mildew species, such as E. elevata and E. flexuosa , sexual reproduction was not affected by spread to a new continent (Ale‐Agha et al ., 2000; Vajna et al ., 2004). In lilac powdery mildew, however, the recent increase in the production of chasmothecia is not the result of a change in the reproductive system of a single species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evidence in support of recent migration of a powdery mildew fungus on Syringa spp. into Europe from East Asia

et al. 2008

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A preliminary analysis demonstrated that the powdery mildew fungus infecting Syringa spp. (lilacs) in different parts of the world is divided into two groups (S-type and K-type) based on the nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS regions. In spite of the marked genetic differences (only c . 94% similarity between ITS types), fungi belonging to these two ITS groups are difficult to distinguish based on morphological characteristics. To determine their geographical distribution, ITS haplotypes were determined for a total of 139 powdery mildew specimens collected in Asia, Europe and North and South America between 1977. Curiously, until 1990, only the S-type was found in Europe, whilst the K-type prevailed in East Asia. The first European specimen belonging to the K-type was collected in Ukraine in 1991. Other European K-type samples were collected in Lithuania and Switzerland in 2000, and in other countries after 2002. The incidence of the S-type decreased rapidly in Europe after the 1990s. This result strongly suggests that the K-type was introduced to Europe from East Asia in the 1990s and expanded from Eastern Europe westward, replacing the S-type present on the European lilacs. The K-type produces abundant chasmothecia (sexual fruiting bodies), whereas chasmothecia on the S-type are rare in Europe and East Asia. It is likely that the recent abundant production of chasmothecia on Syringa spp. in Central Europe is explained by the migration of the K-type to Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evidence in support of recent migration of a powdery mildew fungus on Syringa spp. into Europe from East Asia

et al. 2008

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“…The epidemic spread of this North American pathogen has already been reported from Germany (Ale‐Agha et al ., 2000), Switzerland (Bolay, 2000), England (Ing & Spooner, 2002) and some other European countries (Zimmermannova‐Pastircakova et al ., 2002). This is the first report of E. flexuosa from Hungary.…”

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confidence: 84%

“…The pathogen was identified as Erysiphe flexuosa (syn. Uncinula flexuosa ), a North American powdery mildew species recently introduced to Europe (Ale‐Agha et al ., 2000; Ing & Spooner, 2002). Pathogenicity was confirmed in a test conducted as described in Szentiványi et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Erysiphe flexuosa (syn. Uncinula flexuosa) on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) in Hungary

2004

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“…Horse‐chestnut leaves are sensitive to a number of powdery mildews such as the North American Erysiphe flexuosa (Peck) Barun & Takamatsu (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), introduced to Europe at the turn of the century (Ale‐Agha, Braun, Feige, & Jage, ; Kiss, Vajna, & Fischl, ; Stankeviciene, Snieskiene, & Lugauskas, ; Tozlu & Demirci, ; Zimmermannová‐Pastirčáková & Pastirčák, ) including Britain (Ing & Spooner, ). Erisiphe flexuosa also affects A. carnea (Irzykowska et al., ; Werner, Irzykowska, & Karolewski, ).…”

Section: Herbivory and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Aesculus hippocastanum

et al. 2019

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This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (horse‐chestnut) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation. Aesculus hippocastanum is a large deciduous tree native to the Balkan Peninsula. Native populations are small (<10,000 trees total) and apparently in decline, but the tree has been widely planted in gardens and streets across Europe and other temperate areas from the 17th century onwards. It was voted the UK's favourite tree in a 2017 poll. As a British neophyte, it is occasionally naturalised in open wooded habitats. Horse‐chestnut is renowned for the beauty of its large (up to 30 cm long), upright panicles of white flowers, and for the large seeds (up to 42 g each) used in the formerly common children's game of “conkers.” More recently, the triterpene glycosides, extractable from various plant parts but especially the seeds, have been widely used in medicine. In much of Europe, horse‐chestnut is affected by chestnut bleeding canker (caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi), the horse‐chestnut leaf miner Cameraria ohridella and the leaf blotch fungus Guignardia aesculi. The canker is likely to lead to death of <10% individuals, but seeds of plants infested with the leaf miner are 40%–50% smaller, which may affect long‐term establishment in non‐planted areas.

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A new powdery mildew disease on Aesculus spp. introduced in Europe

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Molecular evidence in support of recent migration of a powdery mildew fungus on Syringa spp. into Europe from East Asia

Molecular evidence in support of recent migration of a powdery mildew fungus on Syringa spp. into Europe from East Asia

Occurrence of Erysiphe flexuosa (syn. Uncinula flexuosa) on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) in Hungary

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Aesculus hippocastanum

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